铜鼓及上游地区短时强降水回波特征分析  

Analysis of echo characteristics of short-term heavy rainfall in Tonggu and upstream areas

作　　者：张王鹏 程成 廖满庭 李正陈 陈凫 刘娟 Zhang Wangpeng;Cheng Cheng;Liao Manting;Li Zhengchen;Chen Fu;Liu Juan(Tonggu County Meteorological Bureau,Tonggu 336200;Unit 93160 of PLA,Beijing 100071)

机构地区：[1]铜鼓县气象局,铜鼓336200 [2]中国人民解放军93160部队,北京100071

出　　处：《气象水文海洋仪器》2024年第2期14-16,共3页Meteorological,Hydrological and Marine Instruments

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类-XDA19040202);国家自然科学基金项目(41975001)资助。

摘　　要：为了开展铜鼓县大暴雨过程中短时强降水的预报预警工作,文章利用铜鼓县、平江县和浏阳市雨量资料、流域地形资料、天气图、雷达回波等资料,对2013—2022年铜鼓、平江、浏阳在大暴雨事件中的短时强降水个例进行回波特征分析。结果表明:2013—2022年,铜鼓共出现大暴雨日10次,平江出现7次,浏阳出现4次;21次大暴雨中降水量≥30 mm/h的短时强降水有14次,几乎每次大暴雨都会出现降水量≥20 mm/h的短时强降水;500 hPa低槽、200 hPa出流区、850 hPa西南急流和地面辐合线有利于形成铜鼓及上游地区的大暴雨天气;铜鼓及上游地区短时强降水的雷达回波特征主要有絮状回波带(团)和絮状回波带中的短带回波两种;短时强降水回波的垂直结构主要特征为45 dBZ回波顶高为5 km~7 km,回波呈“直上直下”结构。研究结果为铜鼓短时强降水预报预警提供了分析依据。In order to carry out the forecast and early warning of short-term heavy rainfall in the process of heavy rainstorm in Tonggu,the echo characteristics of short-term heavy rainfall cases in Tonggu,Pingjiang and Liuyang from 2013 to 2022 were analyzed by using the rainfall data,watershed topographic data,weather maps,radar echoes of Tonggu,Pingjiang and Liuyang.The results show that during 2013-2022,heavy rain occurred 10 times in Tonggu,7 times in Pingjiang and 4 times in Liuyang.Among the 21 heavy rainstorms,there were 14 short-term heavy rainfall with precipitation≥30 mm/h,and almost every heavy rainstorm had short-term heavy rainfall with precipitation≥20 mm/h.The 500 hPa low trough,200 hPa outflow area,850 hPa southwest jet and surface convergence line is conducive to the formation of heavy rain weather in Tonggu and upstream areas.The radar echo characteristics of short-term heavy rainfall in Tonggu and upstream area mainly include flocculent echo bands(clusters)and short band echo in flocculent echo bands.The main characteristics of the vertical structure of the short-term heavy rainfall echo are that the top height of the 45 dBZ echo is below 5 km—7 km,and the echo is in a"straight up and straight down"structure.The research results provide an analytical basis for the short-term heavy rainfall forecast and early warning in Tonggu.

关 键 词：铜鼓大暴雨 短时强降水 回波特征 

分 类 号：P458.121[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]