影响儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征治疗效果的相关因素研究进展  

Research Progress in Factors Affecting Therapeutic Effect for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Children

作　　者：莫晨丽 杨曦[1] 蒋东辉 何晓光[1] MO Chenli;YANG Xi;JIANG Donghui;HE Xiaoguang(Department Two of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉二科头颈外科,昆明650032

出　　处：《医学综述》2024年第11期1364-1369,共6页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：云南省“高层次人才培养支持计划”名医专项(RLMY20200027)。

摘　　要：儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)指夜间睡眠时上呼吸道不同程度塌陷导致部分或完全阻塞,从而扰乱正常通气和睡眠结构,引发一系列症状。近年我国儿童OSAS的发病率逐渐升高,OSAS残留可持续性影响儿童的正常生长发育,导致生长迟滞、神经认知缺陷、智力发育及行为异常等,因此早期识别、诊断、选取适当的治疗措施对于OSAS至关重要。腺样体扁桃体肥大是导致儿童OSAS的主要原因,在无手术禁忌证时,腺样体扁桃体切除术是治疗儿童OSAS的首选方式,虽然疗效显著,但部分患儿术后会残留OSAS。全面了解影响儿童OSAS疗效的相关因素,可以为儿童OSAS的治疗提供新思路。Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS)in children refers to the partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway in varying degrees during sleep at night,which disrupts normal ventilation and sleep structure,and causes a series of symptoms.In recent years,the incidence of OSAS in children in China has gradually increased,and the existence of OSAS can continuously affect the normal growth and development of children,leading to growth retardation,neurocognitive defects,intellectual developmental and behavioral abnormalities.Therefore,early identification,diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for OSAS.Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the main cause of OSAS in children.In the absence of surgical contraindications,adenotonsillectomy is the first choice for the treatment of OSAS in children.Although it is effective,some children will have residual OSAS after surgery.A comprehensive understanding of the related factors affecting the efficacy for OSAS in children can provide new ideas for the treatment.

关 键 词：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 儿童 腺样体扁桃体 

分 类 号：R721[医药卫生—儿科] R761[医药卫生—临床医学]