“事业家庭相得益彰”——女性劳动参与对家庭经济脆弱性影响研究  

"Career and Family Complement Each Other"-A Study of the Influence of Female Labor Force Participation on Household Economic Vulnerability

作　　者：吕学梁[1] 王姣 Lyu Xueliang;Wang Jiao(School of Economics,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266061,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学经济学院,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《东方论坛（青岛大学学报）》2024年第3期31-48,共18页Eastern Forum（JOURNAL OF QINGDAO UNIVERSITY）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“家庭负债对居民幸福感的影响机理与政策优化研究”(21BJY248)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：老龄化社会加剧叠加男性劳动供给缺乏弹性,女性劳动参与的边际效应增强,微观上有助于改善家庭收入结构,宏观上有助于推动经济社会可持续发展。基于中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)微观数据,研究了女性劳动参与对家庭经济脆弱性的影响。研究发现:女性劳动参与会在1%水平上显著降低家庭经济脆弱性,这种影响经过内生性检验及多种稳健性检验后仍然稳健。这是由于女性劳动参与可以增加家庭社会资本、金融资本、应急储蓄以及商业医疗保险投入,从而增强家庭风险管理能力;这种影响在工资水平较高的地区以及健康状况较差的群体中更明显;此外,高质量就业对降低家庭经济脆弱性具有更显著效果,有利于女性就业的产业结构从外部助推了这种影响。研究有助于完善家庭经济脆弱性的性别结构分析,政府应进一步保证就业市场的性别平等,这可增强家庭经济韧性,推动社会经济可持续发展。In view of the increasingly aging society coupled with the inelasticity of the male labor supply,the enhanced marginal effect of female labor force participation will help improve family income structure at the micro level and promote sustainable economic and social development at the macro level.Based on the microdata from the China Household Finance Survey(CHFS),this paper studies the impact of female labor force participation on household economic vulnerability.The results show that women's participation in the labor force will significantly reduce family economic vulnerability at the 1%level.This effect is still robust after various robustness tests such as endogeneity tests;and this is because female participation in the labor force can increase family social capital,financial capital,emergency savings and commercial medical insurance investment,thereby enhancing family risk management capabilities.This impact is more obvious in areas with higher salaries and among groups with poorer health status.In addition,high-quality employment has a more significant effect on reducing household economic vulnerability,and the industrial structure conducive to women's employment has externally boosted this impact.The results help to improve the gender structure analysis of household economic vulnerability.The government should further ensure gender equality in the employment market,which can enhance family economic resilience and promote sustainable social and economic development.

关 键 词：女性劳动参与 家庭经济脆弱性 风险管理 高质量就业 

分 类 号：F241.4[经济管理—劳动经济] F249.21[经济管理—国民经济]