大一统意识在晚清国家危机中的内聚作用与发生机制  

The Cohesive Effect and Generative Mechanism of the Great Unity Consciousness in the National Crisis in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：张师伟[1] 曹姣[1] Zhang Shiwei;Cao Jiao(School of Political Science and Public Administration,Northwest University of Political Science and Law,Xi'an 710063,China)

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学政治与公共管理学院,陕西西安710063

出　　处：《东方论坛（青岛大学学报）》2024年第3期57-71,共15页Eastern Forum（JOURNAL OF QINGDAO UNIVERSITY）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目“中国传统政治哲学的现代转换与创新发展研究”(22XZZ010)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中国传统的“大一统”意识在数千年岁月中,被形塑与积淀成一种政治传统与思想认同,展现出了强劲内聚作用。鸦片战争后,晚清中国遭遇了一系列内外重大冲击,经历了政治价值及共同体认同危机,其所以能维持中华文明主体性,有多方面的影响因素,而“大一统”意识的内聚作用尤为关键。“大一统”意识的内聚作用,借由儒家传统文化的辐射力与影响力得以巩固和强化,在客观上给辽阔疆域内的多数成员带来了共同体认同所必备的自信心与自豪感。在晚清抵御西方军事入侵与文化冲击的历史进程中,这种内聚力成为动员和号召社会的最有力要素,维系了中华文明的连续性,使得近代中国得以分而不裂,危而不亡。The traditional Chinese concept of"Great Unity"has been shaped and accumulated into a political tradition and ideological identity over thousands of years,showing a strong cohesive effect.After the Opium War,the late Qing Dynasty suffered a series of major impacts from home and abroad,and experienced a crisis of political value and community identity.There were many factors that helped it maintain the subjectivity of the Chinese civilization,and the cohesive effect of the concept of"Great Unity"was particularly crucial.This cohesive effect had been consolidated and strengthened by virtue of the radiation and influence of traditional Confucian culture,which objectively brought the majority of members in the vast territory the confidence and pride necessary for community identity.In the historical process of resisting western military invasion and cultural impact in the late Qing Dynasty,this cohesive force became the most powerful element to mobilize and appeal to the society,helped maintain the continuity of the Chinese civilization,and prevented modern China from perishing amid division and peril.

关 键 词：大一统意识 政治整合 晚清国家危机 内聚作用 发生机制 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]