高强预应力锚杆力学性能实验与支护研究  

Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties and Support of High Strength Prestressed Bolt

作　　者：岳喜占 杨子仪 李迎富[2] 孙茂如 YUE Xizhan;YANG Ziyi;LI Yingfu;SUN Maoru(China Coal Xinji Energy Co.,Ltd.,Huainan 232001,China;School of Mining Engineering,Anhui University of Science&Technology,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤新集能源股份有限公司,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽理工大学矿业工程学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第4期46-52,共7页Metal Mine

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(编号:2208085QE144)。

摘　　要：高强预应力锚杆支护是传统锚杆支护技术的进一步优化发展。由于深部巷道具有围岩破碎、高应力等复杂地质特征,更多的高强预应力锚杆替代传统锚杆应用于其中。本文通过理论分析,预应力转化试验,左右旋锚杆拉拔试验以及锚固力试验,对比分析高强预应力锚杆的力学性能,揭示了新型左旋高强预应力锚杆加固围岩的支护机理。研究结果表明:(1)理论分析锚杆在围岩中的作用机理,阐明了预应力锚杆对围岩的加固作用;(2)滚丝锚杆扭矩转化成预紧力的效率约为等强全螺纹锚杆1.7~1.9倍;不同直径的左旋滚丝锚杆力学性能均优于右旋全螺纹锚杆,左旋螺纹钢锚杆锚固力大于右旋螺纹钢锚杆;(3)分析新型左旋高强预应力锚杆的结构,其具有预应力高、锚固力高、有效断面大等优势。本研究为深部巷道围岩支护技术的优化与创新提供了有益的参考和借鉴。High-strength prestressed bolt support is a further optimization development of traditional bolt support technology.Due to the complex geological characteristics of deep roadway,such as surrounding rock breakage and high stress,more high-strength prestressed bolts are used instead of traditional bolts.In this paper,the mechanical properties of high-strength prestressed anchor bolts are compared and analyzed through theoretical analysis,prestress conversion test,pull out test of left and right rotary anchor bolt and anchorage force test,and the supporting mechanism of new left-handed high-strength prestressed anchor bolts is revealed.The results show that:①Theoretical analysis of the action mechanism of the anchor rod in the surrounding rock,elucidating the reinforcement of the prestressed anchor rod on the surrounding rock.②The efficiency of converting the torque of rolling wire bolt into preloading force is about 1.7~1.9 times that of equal strength full thread bolt.The mechanical properties of left-handed rolling wire bolts with different diameters are better than those of right-handed full thread bolts.The anchoring force of left-hand threaded steel bolt is greater than that of right-hand threaded steel bolt.③Analyze the structure of the new left-handed high-strength prestressed bolt,which has the advantages of high prestress,high anchoring force and large effective section.It provides a useful reference for the optimization and innovation of deep roadway surrounding rock support technology.

关 键 词：高强预应力锚杆 滚丝锚杆 全螺纹锚杆 围岩控制 力学实验 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]