黄土梁峁地形大采高煤层开采地表移动规律数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation Study of Surface Movement Patterns of Large Mining Height Coal Seam Mining in Loess Hilly Terrain

作　　者：陈红凯 郭庆彪 郭广礼[3] 马洪浩[4] 罗锦 CHEN Hongkai;GUO Qingbiao;GUO Guangli;MA Honghao;LUO Jin(School of Spatial Informatics and Geomatics Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;Key Laboratory of Aviation-aerospace-ground Cooperative Monitoring and Early Warning of Coal Mining induced Disasters of Anhui Higher Education Institutes,Huainan 232001,China;School of Environment and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Beijing Company,China Petroleum Engineering&Construction Corporation,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学空间信息与测绘工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]矿山采动灾害空天地协同监测与预警安徽普通高校重点实验室,安徽淮南232001 [3]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221116 [4]中国石油工程建设有限公司北京设计分公司,北京100085

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第4期170-176,共7页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52274164,51904008);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(编号:202104a07020014);安徽理工大学研究生创新基金项目(编号:2021CX2143)。

摘　　要：相较于平原地区,黄土梁峁地形下的煤层开采地表移动特征存在明显不同。为分析并揭示梁峁地形下煤层开采地表沉陷异常形变机理,结合现场实测与数值模拟手段,以山西某矿1313工作面为研究对象,对黄土梁峁地形大采高综放开采引起的地表沉陷进行了现场实测,分析了地表移动特征及相关参数取值;利用Rhino软件建立考虑地形的三维模型,导入离散单元法软件3DEC进行数值模拟计算,分析了开采过程中的岩层移动以及梁峁内部塑性破坏演变。研究表明:1313工作面地表移动剧烈,地表下沉起动距小于30 m,超前影响距为73 m,超前影响角为68.7°,走向边界角与上山边界角为40.3°,走向移动角与上山移动角为37.8°,以水平拉伸变形2 mm/m为移动边界的危险移动范围明显大于以下沉值10 mm确定的地表移动盆地范围;利用数值模拟分析黄土梁峁采动滑移过程发现,当工作面自开切眼沿走向回采30 m时,采空区周围岩体应力平衡被打破,顶板在自重以及上覆岩层的载荷作用下产生剪切破坏,采空区周边岩体发生塑性屈服,当工作面回采到120 m时,煤层处于非充分开采阶段,梁峁底部岩体剪切破坏带出现贯通现象,坡体在重力作用下发生向邻空侧的剪切滑移,相较于地表坡度15°的截面,地表坡度18°和22°的截面X轴负方向最大水平移动提升了107.3%与246.5%。The surface movement characteristics of coal seam mining in loess hilly terrain are significantly different com-pared to plain areas.In order to analyze and reveal the anomalous mechanism of coal mining surface subsidence in hilly topog-raphy.The surface subsidence caused by top coal caving mining in loess hilly terrain was measured,and the surface movement characteristics and related parameters were analyzed and studied.A 3D model of the considered terrain was established by u-sing the Rhino software and imported into the 3DEC software for numerical simulations.The movement of rock formations dur-ing mining and the evolution of plastic damage within the hilly are analysed.The results show that the surface movement of 1313 working face is intense.The starting distance of surface subsidence is less than 30 m.The leading infection distance is 73 m.The leading infection angle is 68.7°.The strike boundary angle and the upper boundary angle are 40.3°,and the strike movement angle and upper movement angle are 37.8°.The dangerous movement range with the horizontal tensile deformation of 2 mm/m as the movement boundary is significantly larger than the surface movement basin range determined by the subsid-ence value of 10 mm.Numerical simulation is used to analyze the mining slip process in loess hilly terrain.The results indicted that when the working face is retrieved 30 m along the strike from the open-off cut,the stress equilibrium of the rock around the mining area is broken,and the top plate is shear damaged by the self-weight and the load of the overlying rock layer,and the rock around the mining area is plastic yielded.When the working face is retrieved 120 m,the coal seam is in the non-full min-ing stage,the shear damage zone of the rock at the bottom of the beam mount is penetrated,and the slope is sheared to the neighboring empty side under the action of gravity.Compared with the section with the surface slope of 15°,the maximum hori-zontal movement in the negative direction of the X-axis of the section wit

关 键 词：开采沉陷 黄土梁峁 综放开采 黄土滑坡 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]