高精度固态调制器绝缘栅双极晶体管驱动电路  

Insulated gate bipolar transistor drive circuit of high pulserepetition precision solid state modulator

作　　者：石秀倩 何大勇[1,2] 李飞 甘楠[1] 牟雅洁[1] 李京祎 Shi Xiuqian;He Dayong;Li Fei;Gan Nan;Mu Yajie;Li Jingyi(Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100049 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2024年第6期120-128,共9页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：中国科学院高能物理研究所科技创新项目;国家重大科技基础设施项目。

摘　　要：加法器式固态调制器是一种使用绝缘栅双极晶体管(IGBT)控制储能电容放电来产生脉冲高压的装置,相比传输线型调制器,具有模块化、稳定性好、寿命长等优势。但IGBT的正常工作需要利用栅极驱动电路将控制信号进行放大才能实现,驱动电路的性能直接影响IGBT的开关特性,最终影响脉冲电压质量,尤其是驱动电路的导通抖动指标,这是影响脉冲电压精度的关键因素之一。根据加法器式固态调制器中IGBT的工作特性,以提高脉冲电压精度为目标,对驱动电路进行研究。分析了开关抖动对输出电压精度的影响,介绍了设计原理,研制了驱动电路板,并利用放电模块对其工作性能进行了实验测试。测试结果表明,该款驱动电路的导通抖动为300 ps,相比1 ns的商用驱动电路抖动压缩至1/3,在1 kV充电电压下,放电模块在0.5Ω的负载上放电,形成上升时间为500 ns、导通抖动峰、峰值在5 ns以下的脉冲电压,当发生退饱和故障时,驱动电路能够在4μs时间内关断IGBT,该款驱动电路满足高精度固态调制器的工作要求。The adder topology solid state modulator is a device that uses insulated gate bipolar transistors(IGBTs)to discharge the stored energy of capacitors to generate high voltage pulses.Compared with pulse formingnetwork(PFN)type modulator,it has lots of advantages such as modularity,good stability,and long lifespan.However,the normal operation of IGBT requires the use of gate drive circuit to amplify the control signal,and theperformance of the drive circuit directly affects the switching characteristics of the IGBT,ultimately affects the qualityof pulse voltage,especially the turn-on jitter index of the drive circuit,which is one of the key factors affecting thepulse voltage repetition precision.Based on the operating characteristics of IGBT in the adder topology solid statemodulator,the drive circuit was studied with the goal of improving pulse voltage repetition precision.The impact ofturn-on jitter on voltage repetition precision was analyzed,the design principle was introduced,the drive circuit boardwas developed,and its working performance was experimentally tested using a discharge module.The test resultsindicate that the turn-on jitter of the drive circuit is 300 ps,which is three times better than commercial drivingcircuits.At the charging voltage of 1 kV,the discharge module discharges on a 0.5Ωload,forming a pulse voltagewith the rise time of 500 ns and the peak-to-peak value of turn-on jitter below 5 ns.When the desaturation fault occurs,the drive circuit can turn off the IGBT within 4μs.This drive circuit meets the working requirements of high pulserepetition precision solid state modulators.

关 键 词：固态调制器 脉冲电压精度 绝缘栅双极晶体管 栅极驱动电路 导通抖动 

分 类 号：TN787[电子电信—电路与系统]