外源水杨酸影响蚕豆幼苗耐盐性的生理机制  

The physiological mechanism by which exogenous salicylic acid enhances salt tolerance in Vicia faba seedlings

作　　者：刘伟 龙子轩 张兴民 顾文媛 池小娜 王玉萍 LIU Wei;LONG Zixuan;ZHANG Xingmin;GU Wenyuan;CHI Xiaona;WANG Yuping(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement&Germplasm Enhancement,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室,甘肃兰州700070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2024年第2期36-44,53,共10页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760351);甘肃省农业发展项目(GNKJ-2020-1)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索外源水杨酸(SA)对蚕豆盐胁迫的缓解作用。【方法】采用叶面喷施的方法,在150 mmol/L的Na Cl胁迫下,研究了5种不同浓度SA处理(0(T_(1))、0.5(T_(2))、1.0(T_(3))、1.5(T_(4))和2.0 mmol/L(T_(5)))对蚕豆幼苗生理特性的影响,并通过相关性和主成分分析,探讨SA增强其耐盐性的生理机制。【结果】盐胁迫下,0.5~1.5 mmol/L SA显著降低幼苗叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量,提高了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和根系活力(Ra),促进了脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性糖(SS)、可溶性蛋白含量(SP)的积累,增加了叶绿素a(Chl a)、叶绿素b(Chl b)及总叶绿素含量,同时降低根和叶中Na^(+)含量,增加K^(+)、Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)离子的吸收(P<0.05);2.0 mmol/L SA对盐胁迫的缓解作用不明显。相关性分析表明,MDA与叶和根中Na^(+)呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与Ra、Chl a、Chl b、叶和根中的K^(+)、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。主成分分析提取到特征值>1的2个主成分,方差贡献率分别为71.878%和25.628%,累积方差贡献率达到97.507%。根据主成分得分排名可知,SA对盐胁迫的缓解能力为:T_(3)>T_(4)>T_(2)>T_(5)>T_(1)。【结论】SA通过增强蚕豆幼苗的渗透调节、根系活力和抗氧化能力,维持离子吸收平衡,提高叶绿素含量,缓解盐胁迫,以1.0 mmol/L的SA喷施处理效果最好。【Objective】To investigate the mitigating effects of exogenous salicylic acid(SA)on the salt stress response of Vicia faba seedlings.【Method】The influence of varying SA concentrations(0(T_(1)),0.5(T_(2)),1.0(T_(3)),1.5(T_(4)),and 2.0 mmol/L(T_(5)))on the physiological and biochemical attributes of V.faba seedlings under 150 mmol/L NaCl stress was assessed via foliar application.The physiological mechanisms were elucidated through correlation and principal component analysis(PCA).【Result】Under salt stress,SA concentrations of 0.5 to 1.5 mmol/L significantly reduced malondialdehyde(MDA)levels and enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),and root activity(Ra).SA also facilitated the accumulation of proline(Pro),soluble sugar(SS),and soluble protein(SP),increased the content of chlorophyll a(Chl a),chlorophyll b(Chl b),and total chlorophyll,and decreased the Na^(+)content in roots and leaves.Additionally,it enhanced the uptake of K^(+),Ca^(2+),and Mg^(2+)ions(P<0.05).The mitigating effect of 2.0 mmol/L SA on salt stress was less pronounced.Correlation analysis indicated that MDA was positively correlated with Na^(+)levels in leaves and roots(P<0.01)and negatively correlated with Ra,Chl a,Chl b,K^(+),Ca^(2+),and Mg^(2+)in both tissues(P<0.01).PCA identified two principal components with eigenvalues>1,accounting for 71.878%and 25.628%of the variance,respectively,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 97.507%.Based on the principal component scores,the efficacy of SA in alleviating salt stress in V.faba seedlings was ranked as follows:T_(3)>T_(4)>T_(2)>T_(5)>T_(1).【Conclusion】SA can mitigate the effects of salt stress and improve the salt tolerance of V.faba seedlings by enhancing osmotic regulation and antioxidant capacity,improving root activity and chlorophyll content,maintaining ion absorption balance,and stabilizing the membrane.The optimal treatment concentration was determined to be 1.0 mmol/L.

关 键 词：蚕豆 水杨酸 渗透调节 离子含量 NACL胁迫 

分 类 号：S643.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]