不同立地条件对两种楠属苗木生长量与光合特性的影响  

Effects of different site conditions on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of two species of Phoebe seedlings

作　　者：曾小艳 周本庚 曹祖荣 李金玲[1] 胡蝶[1] ZENG Xiaoyan;ZHOU Bengeng;CAO Zurong;LI Jinling;HU Die(Nanmu germplasm resources evaluation and innovation center of Changjiang University,Jingzhou 434000,China;Shuangzhu forest farm,Zhuxi 442300,China;Zigui County Forestry Bureau,Yichang 443600,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学楠木种质资源评价与创新中心,湖北荆州434000 [2]双竹林场,湖北竹溪442300 [3]秭归县林业局,湖北宜昌443600

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2024年第2期179-186,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科技攻关项目(Q20191309);湖北省教育厅指导性项目(B2015444);湖北省科技支撑计划项目(2013BBB24);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2014CFB264,2017CFB390)。

摘　　要：【目的】了解不同立地条件下楠属植物的生长量及光合特性,进一步探讨立地条件对紫楠和白楠容器苗生长发育习性的影响。【方法】本试验在荆州地区对紫楠和白楠容器苗进行研究。选取树龄3 a的紫楠和白楠容器苗分别移栽至弥市、松滋、太湖,并对其株高、地径的生长量和Pn、Tr以及叶绿素含量等指标进行测定、比较和分析。【结果】种植于弥市的紫楠和白楠苗高平均生长量分别为59、42.3 cm,地径平均生长量为0.497、0.538 cm,而种植于太湖的紫楠和白楠苗高平均生长量分别为7.733、7.067 cm,地径平均生长量为0.212、0.208 cm,可见两种楠木在弥市生长状况最好,在太湖的生长状况最差,且紫楠生长速度比白楠快;通过对两种楠木与土壤化学性质的相关性分析,发现其与土壤中氮元素、磷元素的相关性系数最高,紫楠和白楠净光合速率、蒸腾作用、水分利用率、叶片含氮量与δ^(15)N均易受到土壤施肥等外界因素的短期影响,而叶绿素和δ^(13)C为植株长期生长情况的积累。【结论】紫楠和白楠种植于弥市的生长情况最好,太湖最差,且紫楠的生长速度快于白楠,但白楠更适宜在强光环境下生长。叶片叶绿素和δ^(13)C含量可用于初步判断楠属植物生长情况。【Objective】To understand the growth amount and photosynthetic characteristics of Phoebe,the influence of site conditions on plant growth and developmental habits was further investigated.【Method】The three-year container seedlings of Phoebe sheareri and P.neurantha were transplanted to Mishi,Songzi and Taihu Lakes respectively,and their plant height,ground diameter and number of shoots,Pn,Tr and chlorophyll content were measured,compared and analyzed.【Result】The high average growth of P.sheareri and P.neurantha seedlings planted in Mishi was 59 cm and 42.3 cm,respectively.The average growth of ground diameter was 0.458 cm and 0.588 cm,while the high average growth of P.sheareri and P.neurantha seedlings planted in Taihu Lake was 7.733 cm and 7.067 cm.The average growth rate of ground diameter was 0.212 cm and 0.208 cm,respectively,which showed that the two kinds of Phoebe plants had the best growth condition in Mishi and the worst growth condition in Taihu Lake.The growth rate of P.sheareri was faster than that of P.neurantha.Through the correlation analysis between the two kinds of Phoebe plants and soil chemical properties,it can be concluded that the plants have the highest correlation coefficient for nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil.The net photosynthetic rate,transpiration,water efficiency,leaf nitrogen content andδ^(15)N of P.sheareri and P.neurantha are susceptible to short-term influences of external factors such as soil fertilization,while chlorophyll andδ^(13)C are the accumulation of longterm growth of plants.【Conclusion】The growth of P.sheareri and P.neurantha planted in Mishi is the best,Taihu Lake is the worst,and the growth rate of P.sheareri is faster than that of P.neurantha,but P.neurantha is more suitable for growing in a strong light environment.Leaf chlorophyll andδ^(13)C can be used to preliminarily assessment of the growth of Phoebe plants.

关 键 词：紫楠 白楠 土壤类型 生长量 光合特性 

分 类 号：S688.9[农业科学—观赏园艺]