宁夏固原六盘山机场的昆虫多样性  

Insect diversity at Liupanshan Airport,Guyuan,Ningxia

作　　者：田海龙 陈晨 马腾宇 贾龙[1] 张建英[3] 马小磊 TIAN Hailong;CHEN Chen;MA Tengyu;JIA Long;ZHANG Jianying;MA Xiaolei(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Airport Limited Company,China West Airport Group,Guyuan 756000,China;College of Life Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]西部机场集团宁夏机场有限公司固原分公司,宁夏固原756000 [3]宁夏大学生命科学学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2024年第2期275-281,共7页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：固原六盘山机场鸟情生态环境调查与研究(企业编号:CWAG-NX-2021-FW-0237,高校编号:2021436)。

摘　　要：【目的】机场飞行区昆虫的多样性是诱使鸟类进入的重要原因,因此昆虫资源调查是预防鸟击事件的重要环节。【方法】2020年7~9月在宁夏固原六盘山机场飞行区采用灯诱法、样线法和陷阱法开展昆虫资源调查。【结果】共采集到28 430头昆虫标本,隶属于8目61科126属145种,其中以鞘翅目Coleoptera、膜翅目Hymenoptera和双翅目Diptera为优势类群,物种数占比分别为41.38%(60种)、8.28%(12种)和13.10%(19种),个体数占比分别为68.79%、11.88%和11.56%。不同月份多样性分析表明,Shannon-Wiener指数表现为:9月份>8月份>7月份;Margalef丰富度指数表现为:8月份>9月份>7月份;Berger-Parker优势度指数表现为:7月份>8月份>9月份;Pielou均匀度指数9月份>7月份>8月份。【结论】固原六盘山机场飞行区7月份昆虫物种多样性最低,昆虫种类最简单,生态位优势类群优势地位最突出;8月份昆虫种类最丰富,但均匀度最低;9月份昆虫多样性最高,生态位优势类群优势地位最低,种间数量分布最均匀。不同月份昆虫群落为中等不相似,相似系数介于0.25~0.50。【Objective】Insect diversity within the flight zone of an airport is a significant factor in attracting birds,making the investigation of insect resources a crucial component of bird strike prevention strategies.【Method】From July to September 2020,insect resources at Liupanshan Airport in Guyuan,Ningxia,were surveyed using light trapping,sample line,and trap methods.【Result】A total of 28,430 insects across 145 species,126 genera,61 families,and 8 orders were collected.The dominant orders were Coleoptera,Hymenoptera,and Diptera,representing 41.38%(60 species),8.28%(12 species),and 13.10%(19 species)of the total species count,respectively.In terms of individual proportions,these groups constituted 68.79%,11.88%,and 11.56%,respectively.Diversity analyses revealed seasonal variations in indices:Shannon-Wiener index peaked in September,followed by August and then July;Margalef richness index peaked in August,with September and July trailing;Berger-Parker dominance index was most pronounced in July,then August,and least in July;Pielou evenness index peaked in September,followed by July and August.【Conclusion】At Liupanshan Airport,insect species diversity is lowest in July,with the simplest insect species composition and the most pronounced dominant groups.In August,insect species richness is highest,yet evenness is the lowest.September exhibits the highest diversity,with the least dominant niche groups and the most uniform species distribution.The insect community shows moderate dissimilarity across different months,with similarity coefficients ranging from 0.25 to 0.50.

关 键 词：昆虫 多样性 时间动态 固原六盘山机场 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]