臂式离心机机室空气内摩擦功率及支座摩擦系数的实验反演分析  

Experimental inversion analysis of air interior frictional power and support frictional coefficient of arm type centrifuge

作　　者：尹益辉[1] 黎启胜[1] 李上明[1] 陈红永[1] 罗昭宇[1] 刘丹锋 YIN Yihui;LI Qisheng;LI Shangming;CHEN Hongyong;LUO Zhaoyu;LIU Danfeng(Institute of Systems Engineering,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《机电工程》2024年第5期933-940,共8页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11572298)。

摘　　要：为了提高臂式离心机驱动功率的预估精度,对工程解析计算方法中几个前提参数(即机室空气内摩擦发热消耗功率与总风阻功率之比C_(1)、机室内空气从出风口自然流出的线速度与其环向线速度之比C_(2)、支座的摩擦系数f_(e))的确定方法进行了研究。首先,针对一台臂式离心机以四种不同转速稳定运行的状态,利用离心机控制系统,读取了四组驱动电枢电压U和电枢电流I数据,采用三杯仪测试了四个空气从出风口流出的线速度V_(0)数据;然后,根据离心机风阻功率、排风功率和支座摩擦功率的解析理论表达式、能量守恒原理,建立了含待定系数C_(1)、C_(2)、f_(e1)和f_(e2)的关于U、I和V_(0)的求解方程,并将四组实测数据U、I和V_(0)代入所建方程,得到了关于系数C_(1)、C_(2)、f_(e1)和f_(e2)的求解方程组;最后,将所得C_(1)、C_(2)、f_(e1)和f_(e2)的值用于计算另一台类似臂式离心机的驱动功率。研究结果表明:所得驱动功率的计算结果比实测结果大2.23%,而以前依据经验取定C_(1)、C_(2)和f_(e)时的计算结果比实测结果小6.30%。对应用实例的综合分析表明:所建方法可弥补这些参数在以前的工程计算中,其取值缺乏实验依据的不足,提高这些参数的取值准确性和臂式离心机驱动功率的预估精度。In order to increase the estimation accuracy of the drive power of an arm type centrifuge,the determination method of the parameters which are the ratio C_(1)of the air interior frictional power to the whole aerodynamic power,the ratio C_(2)of the natural exhaust air speed to the air circumferential speed at the same place,and the support friction factor f_(e)in the engineering analytical computation were researched.At first,for four steady running states of an arm type centrifuge at different rotation velocity,four set data of the armature voltage U and armature current I were fetched from the centrifuge control system,and four datum of the natural exhaust air speed V_(0)was experimentally measured by using the three-cup meter method.Then,according to the analytical theoretical expressions of wind resistance power,exhaust air power and support friction power of the centrifuge,as well as the principle of conservation of_(e)nergy,the equation about variables U,I and V_(0),and with coefficients to be determined C_(1),C_(2),f_(e1)and f_(e2)was developed,and the equations system to solve the coefficients C_(1),C_(2),f_(e1)and f_(e2)were given by substituting the four sets of_(e)xperimentally measured data of U,I and V_(0)into the previous equation.Finally,the drive power of another similar arm type centrifuge was theoretically computed by using the determined C_(1),C_(2),f_(e1)and f_(e2)values.The research result shows that the drive power is 2.23%bigger than the experimental one,while the previous theoretical result by determining the C_(1),C_(2),f_(e1)and f_(e2)values according to experience is 6.30%bigger than the experimental one.The comprehensive analysis to the application examples shows that the presented method makes up the previous shortage of experimental basis and increases the accuracy of C_(1),C_(2),f_(e1)and f_(e2),therefore increases the accuracy of the calculated drive power.

关 键 词：臂式离心机 土工离心机 风阻功率 空气内摩擦 支座摩擦功率 实验反演 前提参数 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TU415[建筑科学—岩土工程]