解磷细菌解磷机制研究进展及其在水稻上的应用  

Research Prog ress on Phosphorus Solubilization Mechanism of Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria and Its Application in Rice Production

作　　者：潘林 弥春霞[2] 徐青山 魏倩倩 孔亚丽 朱练峰[1] 田文昊 朱春权 张均华[1] PAN Lin;MI Chunxia;XU Qingshan;WEI Qianqian;KONG Yali;ZHU Lianfeng;TIAN Wenhao;ZHU ChunQuan;ZHANG Junhua(China National Rice Research Institute/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding,Hangzhou 310006,China;Mudanjiang Normal University,Mudanjiang,Heilongjiang 157011,China;Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所/水稻生物育种全国重点实验室,杭州310006 [2]牡丹江师范学院,黑龙江牡丹江157011 [3]安徽大学,合肥230601

出　　处：《中国稻米》2024年第3期1-9,共9页China Rice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31901452,31872857);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C02063-3)。

摘　　要：磷是植物生长不可缺少的元素。土壤中总磷含量丰富,但可被植物直接吸收利用的有效磷含量却很低。传统上主要通过施用磷肥提高缺磷地区的作物产量。然而,施入土壤中的磷不仅易被固定,还会转化成难以被植物直接吸收利用的有机磷,从而降低植物对磷的吸收利用率,造成环境污染。解磷细菌具有将土壤中难溶态磷转化为可被植物直接吸收利用的有效磷的功能,提高植物对磷的吸收利用率。解磷细菌种类繁多,作用机制复杂且影响因素众多。本文综述了解磷细菌解磷机制的研究进展,总结了解磷细菌在水稻生产上的应用情况,以为提高稻田土壤难溶态磷的利用效率提供理论依据。Phosphorus(P)is an indispensable element for plant growth.Although the total P content in soil is rich,the available P content,which can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants,is very low.Traditional methods to increase crop yield in phosphorus deficient is by applying P fertilizer.However,the phosphorus applied to the soil is not only easily to be fixed by soil,but also easily transformed into organic P that is difficult for plants to absorb directly,so as to reduce the P utilization rate by plants and cause environmental pollution.Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria can transform insoluble P in soil into available P that can be directly absorbed by plants,and improve the absorption and utilization rate of P by plants.The action mechanism of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria is complex,and existing various kinds of bacteria and existing many influencing factors.This paper mainly reviewed the research progress of phosphorus solubilizing mechanism of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria and summarized the application of phosphorus-solubating bacteria in rice production.It provided a theoretical basis for improving the utilization efficiency of insoluble phosphorus in paddy soil.

关 键 词：水稻 磷 解磷细菌 解磷机制 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学]