塔式起重机顶升腰环尺寸优化设计  

Optimum design of hoisting girdle ring dimension of tower crane

作　　者：邹进 马思群[1] 詹健 陶然[1] 李健[1] Zou Jin;Ma Siqun;Zhan Jian;Tao Ran;Li Jian

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学,大连116028 [2]大连盖斯特工程机械技术有限公司,大连116022

出　　处：《起重运输机械》2024年第8期56-61,共6页Hoisting and Conveying Machinery

基　　金：2022年度辽宁省普通高等教育本科教学改革研究项目(10150-312);辽宁省交通运输厅交通科技计划项目(202151)。

摘　　要：在塔式起重机顶升运动过程中,腰环起到稳定塔身的作用。为了保证塔式起重机顶升腰环设计的安全和稳定,尽可能降低其自重,文中结合其实体结构,使用Hypermesh软件建立了顶升腰环的有限元模型,依据GB/T3811—2008《起重机设计规范》对顶升腰环进行了静强度分析。在此基础上,利用灵敏度分析筛选对应力影响灵敏度较大的腰环各部分板厚,以筛选后的各部分板厚为设计变量、危险工况最大Von Mises应力为约束条件、质量最小为优化目标对其进行尺寸优化设计,并对优化前后顶升腰环的强度和质量进行比较分析。分析结果显示,优化后各工况的最大应力均有所下降,质量有所减轻,结构应力的分布更加均匀、合理,达到了轻量化的目的,也为今后塔式起重机顶升腰环结构设计提供了参考。In the process of tower crane hoisting,the girdle ring can stabilize the tower body.In order to ensure the safety and stability of hoisting girdle ring of tower crane and reduce its dead weight as much as possible,a finite element model of hoisting girdle ring was established through Hypermesh software,and the static strength analysis is according to GB/T 3811-2008 Design Rules for Cranes.On this basis,the thickness of each part of the girdle ring,which is sensitive to stress,was selected through sensitivity analysis.Taking the thickness of the screened parts as the design variable,the maximum Von Mises stress in dangerous conditions as the constraint condition,and the minimum mass as the optimization goal,the size optimization design was carried out,and the strength and quality of the back girdle ring before and after optimization were compared and analyzed.The analysis results show that after optimization,the maximum stress was reduced,the mass was reduced,and the distribution of structural stress is more uniform and reasonable,which realizes the purpose of lightweight design and provides a reference for the structural design of lifting girdle ring of tower crane in the future.

关 键 词：塔式起重机 顶升腰环 强度 灵敏度 优化设计 

分 类 号：TH213.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]