蒸汽压片玉米对肉牛生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响  

Effects of steam-flaked corn on growth performance,slaughter performance,and meat quality of beef cattle

作　　者：苗旭[1] 张亮[1] 班晖琼[1] 贺军[1] 张玺[1] 孟云飞 张立鹏 MIAO Xu;ZHANG Liang;BAN Hui-qiong;HE Jun;ZHANG Xi;MENG Yun-fei;ZHANG Li-peng

机构地区：[1]甘肃畜牧工程职业技术学院,甘肃武威733000 [2]武威天马饲料有限公司,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第7期23-28,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：2022年度甘肃省高等学校创新基金项目(项目编号:2022A-288);2021年甘肃省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(项目编号:S202113955005);2021年甘肃畜牧工程职业技术学院院列科研立项项目(项目编号:GMY202107)。

摘　　要：为了研究蒸汽压片玉米对肉牛生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响,试验拟选用40头体重(224.05±14.56)kg的西门塔尔杂交肉牛,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复2头肉牛。对照组饲粮中添加粉碎玉米,试验Ⅰ组~Ⅲ组分别用33%、66%、100%的蒸汽压片玉米替代粉碎玉米。预试期7 d,正式试验期120 d。结果显示,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组末重比对照组分别提高了6.27%(P<0.05)和10.64%(P<0.01),试验Ⅰ组~Ⅲ组总增重比对照组分别提高了7.56%(P<0.05)、21.29%(P<0.01)和33.45%(P<0.01),试验Ⅰ组~Ⅲ组宰前活重比对照组分别提高了2.64%(P<0.05)、6.59%(P<0.01)和10.25%(P<0.01),试验Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组料重比极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。试验Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组胴体重、净肉重均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。试验Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组牛肉中粗蛋白的含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),试验Ⅲ组粗脂肪显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组的pH_(45 min)值和失水率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅰ组~Ⅲ组养殖效益比对照组分别提高了15.36%、48.04%和77.98%。研究表明,用蒸汽压片玉米替代肉牛饲粮中普通粉碎玉米可以提高西门塔尔杂交肉牛的生长性能和屠宰性能,改善牛肉品质,提高了肉牛养殖的经济效益,在饲粮中使用100%的蒸气压片玉米替代普通粉碎玉米效果较好。In order to study the effects of steam-flaked corn on the growth performance,slaughter performance,and meat quality of beef cattle,40 Simmental crossbred beef cattle with a body weight of(224.05±14.56)kg were randomly divided into four groups with five replicates per group and two beef cattle per replicate.Crushed corn was added to the diet of the control group,and 33%,66%,and 100%steam-flaked corn were used to replace the crushed corn in test groupⅠ~groupⅢ,respectively.The pre-feeding period lasted for seven days,and the formal test period lasted for 120 days.The results showed that the final weight of the groupⅡand groupⅢincreased by 6.27%(P<0.05)and 10.64%(P<0.01)compared to the control group,respectively.The total weight gain of the groupⅠ~groupⅢincreased by 7.56%(P<0.05),21.29%(P<0.01),and 33.45%(P<0.01)compared to the control group,respectively.The live weight before slaughter of the groupⅠ~groupⅢincreased by 2.64%(P<0.05),6.59%(P<0.01),and 10.25%(P<0.01)compared to the control group,respectively.The feed to gain ratio of the groupⅡand groupⅢwas extremely lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).The carcass weight and net meat weight of the groupⅡand groupⅢwere extremely higher than those of the control group(P<0.01).The content of crude protein in beef in the groupⅡand groupⅢwas extremely higher than that in the control group(P<0.01).The crude fat content in the groupⅢwas significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The pH_(45 min)value and water loss rate of the groupⅢwere significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The aquaculture benefits of experimental groupⅠ~groupⅢwere increased by 15.36%,48.04%,and 77.98%compared to the control group,respectively.The study indicates that replacing common crushed corn with steam-flaked corn can improve the growth performance and slaughter performance of Simmental crossbred beef cattle,improve the quality of beef,and improve the economic benefit of beef cattle breeding.Replacing the common crushed

关 键 词：蒸汽压片玉米 西门塔尔杂交肉牛 生长性能 屠宰性能 肉品质 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]