不同青贮添加剂对玉米与全株大豆混合青贮质量的影响  

Effect of different silage additives on quality of mixed silage of corn and whole soybean

作　　者：王晓春 樊东 高婷 梁小军 WANG Xiao-chun;FAN Dong;GAO Ting;LIANG Xiao-jun

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院动物科学研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]石嘴山市惠农区动物疾病预防控制中心,宁夏石嘴山753200

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第7期105-109,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：宁夏农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目子课题(项目编号:NGSB-2012-12-09);宁夏重点研发计划项目(项目编号:2021BBF02019);国家现代农业产业技术体系(项目编号:CARS-37)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探讨不同青贮添加剂对玉米与全株大豆混合(1∶1)青贮的影响。以不添加菌剂为对照(CK),T1、T2、T3、T4、T5分别添加0.005 g/kg菌剂、0.3 g/kg酶制剂、0.005 g/kg菌剂+0.3 g/kg酶制剂、4 mL/kg甲酸、4 mL/kg丙酸进行青贮,青贮发酵90 d。结果显示:处理组与CK的pH值均低于4.10。T4、T5、T1的乳酸(LA)含量显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。处理组的乙酸(AA)含量均显著高于CK (P<0.05),氨态氮/总氮(NH3-N/TN)显著低于CK (P<0.05)。T5、T4的干物质(DM)、淀粉(Starch)含量显著高于CK(P<0.05)。T3、T2的粗脂肪(EE)含量显著高于CK (P<0.05)。T1、T4的可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量显著高于CK (P<0.05)。处理组粗灰分(CA)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的含量均显著高于CK (P<0.05)。隶属函数法综合评价各处理的营养价值排序为T1>T5>T4>T3>T2>CK。各添加剂处理提高了玉豆混合青贮饲料的有氧稳定性,其中T5、T4、T1的效果优于其他处理。研究表明,添加剂处理提高了玉米与全株大豆混合青贮饲料营养价值与有氧稳定性,其中丙酸、甲酸、菌剂添加效果优于其他处理。The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the effects of different silage additives on the mixed silage of silage corn and whole soybean(1∶1).The control(CK)had no microbial inoculum,T1,T2,T3,T4,and T5 were silaged with 0.005 g/kg microbial inoculum,0.3 g/kg enzyme preparation,0.005 g/kg microbial inoculum+0.3 g/kg enzyme preparation,4 mL/kg formic acid,and 4 mL/kg propionic acid,respectively,and the silage was fermented for 90 days.The results showed that the pH value of treatment groups and CK was lower than 4.10.Lactic acid(LA)content in T4,T5,and T1 was significantly higher than that in other treatments(P<0.05).The content of acetic acid(AA)was significantly higher than that of CK(P<0.05),and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen(NH3-N/TN)was significantly lower than that of CK(P<0.05).The contentrations of dry matter(DM)and starch in T5 and T4 were significantly higher than those in CK(P<0.05).The content of crude fat(EE)in T3 and T2 was significantly higher than that in CK(P<0.05).The content of soluble carbohydrate(WSC)in T1 and T4 was significantly higher than that in CK(P<0.05).The contentrations of crude ash(CA)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)treated with each additive were significantly higher than those in CK(P<0.05).The nutritional value of all treatments was ranked as T1>T5>T4>T3>T2>CK by the membership function method.The additive treatments improved the aerobic stability of corn and soybean mixture,and the effects of T5,T4,and T1 were better than those of other treatments.The study indicates that the additive treatments improve the nutritional value and aerobic stability of mixed silage of corn and whole soybean,among which propionic acid,formic acid,and microbial inoculum are better than other treatments.

关 键 词：混合青贮 玉米 全株大豆 青贮添加剂 发酵品质 营养价值 有氧稳定性 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]