深井高应力环境下束状组合孔拉槽爆破优化研究  

Optimization of Bunch Holes Cutting Blasting in Deep Mine Under High Stress Environment

作　　者：邱泓杰 邱贤阳[1] 张舒[1] 陈辉 史秀志[1] 沈文博 陶铁军 段武全 QIU Hongjie;QIU Xianyang;ZHANG Shu;CHEN Hui;SHI Xiuzhi;SHEN Wenbo;TAO Tiejun;DUAN Wuquan(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China;School of Geological and Mining Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830047,Xinjiang,China;Mining College of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;China Railway Guizhou Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 551700,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]新疆大学地质与矿业工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830047 [3]贵州大学矿业学院,贵州贵阳550025 [4]中铁贵州工程有限公司,贵州贵阳551700

出　　处：《黄金科学技术》2024年第2期318-329,共12页Gold Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“爆破荷载下含分层结构面充填体损伤演化与分部揭露渐变失稳机制”(编号:52374152);中南大学研究生自主探索类创新项目“爆破动载下胶结充填体损伤失稳规律与控制降振技术研究”(编号:1053320221641)联合资助。

摘　　要：为探究深井高应力环境下,采场束状组合孔拉槽爆破损伤破裂规律,采用LS-DYNA数值分析软件进行研究。通过建立平面数值模型,分析了无静应力、单向静应力和双向等值静应力3种条件下束状组合孔爆破破裂损伤情况。此外,对不同静应力条件下束状组合孔的孔间距和外围辅助空孔的布置方式进行优化,并进行工程试验验证。研究结果表明:相比无静应力条件,单向静应力和双向等值静应力条件下束状组合孔爆破损伤裂纹扩展受到抑制,静应力越大,抑制作用越显著。工程实践表明,根据静应力的大小调整束状组合孔孔间距和外围辅助孔布置方式,能够获得良好的拉槽爆破破岩效果。The bunch holes,which consist of multiple dense and parallel holes and detonated simultaneously,are widely used in mines because of its high rock-breaking efficiency.With the worldwide depletion of resources in the shallow part of the earth,many mines are transitioning to the deep mining stage,and the influence of the complex high stress environment on the effect of blasting on rock breaking in the deep mining process needs to be further studied.In order to explore the law of blasting damage and fracture of bunch holes cutting blasting in deep mining under high stress stope environment,LS-DYNA finite element numerical analysis software was used to study.Combined with the mine blasting engineering practice,the planar numerical model with the same size as the actual working conditions was established,which contained four charge holes and one auxiliary empty hole.The rupture damage process of the bunch holes under no static stress was analyzed.On this basis,in the case of one-way static stress and two-way equivalent static stress,when the static stress is 20 MPa and 40 MPa respectively,the blasting fracture damage of the bunch holes cutting blasting was analyzed,and the number of failures units of the numerical model under different static stress states was compared.In addition,the hole spacing and the arrangement of peripheral auxiliary holes were optimized under different static stress conditions,and engineering experiments were carried out to verify the reliability of the optimization results by counting the chunk rate of different schemes.The results show that compared with the no static stress condition,the expansion of the bunch holes blasting damage cracks will be suppressed under the unidirectional static stress and bidirectional equivalent static stress conditions.With the increase of static stress,the number of model failure units decreases gradually,and the inhibition of crack extension is more significant.When the static stress reaches 40 MPa,no penetration crack can be formed between the four bunch hole

关 键 词：爆破 束状组合孔 高应力 孔间距 损伤 LS-DYNA软件 深井 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]