胶东型金矿  

Jiaodong-type gold deposit

作　　者：杨立强[1,2,3] 邓军 张良[1] 杨伟 谢东[1] 汪龙 邱昆峰 李大鹏 YANG LiQiang;DENG Jun;ZHANG Liang;YANG Wei;XIE Dong;WANG Long;QIU KunFeng;LI DaPeng(Frontiers Science Center for Deep-time Digital Earth,State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;MNR Key Laboratory of Gold Mineralization Processes and Resources Utilization,Key Laboratory of Metallogenic-Geologic Processes and Comprehensive Utilization of Minerals Resources in Shandong Province,Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences,Jinan 250013,China;Institute of Geological Research,Shandong Gold Group Co.,LTD,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室,深时数字地球前沿科学中心,北京100083 [2]自然资源部金矿成矿过程与资源利用重点实验室,山东省金属矿产成矿地质过程与资源利用重点实验室,山东省地质科学研究院,济南250013 [3]山东黄金地质研究院,济南250101

出　　处：《岩石学报》2024年第6期1691-1711,共21页Acta Petrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42130801、42272071);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFA0708603、2023YFC2906902);高等学校学科创新引智计划2.0(BP0719021);中国地质大学深时数字地球前沿科学中心“深时数字地球”中央高校科技领军人才团队项目(2652023001);地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室专项基金(MSFGPMR201804)联合资助.

摘　　要：胶东是全球唯一已知赋存于前寒武纪变质地体中的晚中生代巨型金矿省,其成矿系统独具特色,具体表现为:(1)位于陆内复合构造域,经历了多期重大构造-热事件,大规模金成矿作用受控于120±2Ma古太平洋板块俯冲方向变化及其诱发的软流圈上涌、岩石圈改造和伸展-挤压变形交替及控矿断裂剪压-剪张转换;(2)多重控矿构造和多样赋矿建造联合控制了不同规模和类型金矿的发育,形成了三山岛、焦家、招平、栖霞、郭即和牟乳六条NE向金矿带和三山岛-栖霞EW向富金廊带,导致了金矿化类型(焦家式/破碎带蚀变岩型、玲珑式/石英脉型、蓬家夼式/蚀变砾岩±角砾岩型、辽上式/黄铁矿-碳酸盐脉型)及其地质-地球化学特征的多样性;(3)主要矿化元素Au、Ag、Cu、Pb和Zn均达到工业利用要求,并有多种共/伴生关键金属超常富集;(4)不同金矿带中硫化物Pb同位素组成与探明金资源储量及到郯庐断裂带的距离线性相关,反映距离幔源流体主通道越近、金属硫化物中放射性成因Pb含量和幔源组分占比越多、金成矿强度越大;(5)区域总体相对均一的Δ199 Hg(平均~0.012‰)及Δ199 Hg/Δ201 Hg与金品位呈线性负相关,表明成矿物质来源于富集岩石圈地幔、且地幔被俯冲洋壳及其上覆沉积物交代的程度控制了金品位的高低;(6)区域恒定的Δ33 S同位素组成(~0‰)排除了巨量金源自太古宙变质基底及其重熔花岗岩的可能,重的δ34 S(平均9.0±3.7‰)来源于俯冲的古太平洋板片及其上覆沉积物的脱挥发份;不同金矿带Δ33 S/δ34 S与探明金资源储量及其到郯庐断裂带距离线性相关,反映成矿期地壳伸展程度控制了金成矿强度;(7)区域He-Ar和H-O同位素组成显示壳幔混合特征,焦家式金矿的成矿流体组成更靠近地幔、玲珑式金矿位于地幔与地壳过渡带;三山岛、焦家和招平金矿带的成矿流体相对接近幔源流体,而郭Jiaodong area is the only Late Mesozoic giant gold province hosted in a Precambrian metamorphic terrane in the world.The metallogenic system of Jiaodong gold province is unique with the following distinctive features:(1)It is situated in an intracontinental composite tectonic setting which has experienced multiple tectono-thermal events.The large-scale gold mineralization is controlled by the change of the subduction direction of the Paleo-Pacific plate and induced the asthenosphere upwelling,the modification of the lithospheric mantle,the transition of the tectonic regime from compression to transpression,and the transition of ore-controlling faults from transpression to transtension regime at 120±2Ma.(2)Multiple ore-controlling structures and diverse ore-hosting formations collectively control the development of gold deposits with various scales and types,which result in the formation of six NE-trending gold belts,namely Sanshandao,Jiaojia,Zhaoping,Qixia,Guoji and Muru,together with an EW-trending gold-rich corridor,namely Sanshandao-Qixia.These belts give rise to different mineralization types of gold deposits(Jiaojia-type/altered rock type in fractured zones,Linglong-type/quartz vein type,Pengjiakuang-type/altered conglomerate±breccia type,Liaoshang-type/pyrite-carbonate vein type),and each exhibiting distinct geological-geochemical characteristics.(3)The main mineralized elements of the belt include Au,Ag,Cu,Pb and Zn,all of which meet the requirements of industrial utilization.Furthermore,it is an area with super-enrichment of many coexisting critical metals.(4)The Pb isotopic composition of gold-bearing sulfides in different gold belts is linearly correlated to the proven gold reserves and the distance to the Tanlu fault zone,suggesting that the proximity to the main channel of mantle-derived fluids leads to the more radiogenic Pb content and mantle-derived components in sulfides and higher gold mineralization intensity.(5)TheΔ199 Hg value(averaged at~0.012‰)is relatively uniform in the region,and the

关 键 词：矿床地质-地球化学特征 成矿系统 时-空结构 成矿动力学 控矿因素 成因及勘查模型 胶东型金矿 

分 类 号：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学]