2016—2020年合肥市大气污染物与急性上呼吸道感染急诊量的关系  

Association between air pollution and the number of emergency visits for acute upper respiratory infections in Hefei city,Anhui,2016-2020

作　　者：杨吉丹 孙浩翔 胡月 赵爽 康芮含 胡华青[3] YANG Jidan;SUN Haoxiang;HU Yue;ZHAO Shuang;KANG Ruihan;HU Huaqing(Department of General Practice,the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei,Anhui 230022,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学第一附属医院全科,安徽合肥230022 [2]安徽医科大学第一附属医院门诊部 [3]安徽医科大学第一附属医院物资设备处

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2024年第5期754-758,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2006506)。

摘　　要：目的探讨合肥市大气污染物与急性上呼吸道感染急诊间的关系。方法收集2016年1月1日—2020年12月31日于安徽医科大学第一附属医院急诊就诊的急性上呼吸道感染患者的病例资料、同期的气象数据和大气污染物数据,采用分布滞后非线性模型,控制气象因素、星期几效应、节假日效应等混杂因素,分析大气污染物暴露对急性上呼吸道感染急诊量的影响,并对性别、年龄进行分层研究。结果2016—2020年合肥市急性上呼吸道感染总急诊量为55902人,且冷季高于暖季。在所有污染物中,SO_(2)对急性上呼吸道感染影响最大,在lag07时其滞后效应达到最大,RR及95%CI为1.194(1.072~1.330)。同时,气态污染物(如SO_(2)、NO_(2))的RR估计值大于颗粒物(如PM2.5、PM10)的RR估计值。性别分层发现,SO_(2)、NO_(2)对女性急诊量的影响更大,PM2.5、PM10、O_(3)对男性急诊量的影响更大。年龄分层发现,PM2.5、PM10、NO_(2)对>65岁人群急诊量的影响更大,SO_(2)对18~65岁人群急诊量影响更大。结论合肥市大气污染物浓度升高会增加急性上呼吸道感染急诊就诊风险,且对不同性别、年龄影响不同。Objective To evaluate the association between air pollutants and acute upper respiratory tract infections(AURTI)in the emergency department of Hefei City.Methods Emergency hospital visits for AURTI in public hospitals in Hefei from January 1,2016 to December 31,2020,meteorological data and air pollutants data for the same period were collected for the study.After controlling for confounding factors such as meteorological factors,day-of-week effects and holiday effects,the distribution lag nonlinear model was used to quantify the association between daily air pollutants and daily emergency visits.The results were then stratified by gender and age.Results The total number of AURTI emergency department visits in Hefei from 2016 to 2020 was 55902,and it is higher in the cold season than in the warm season.Among all pollutants,SO_(2)had the greatest effect on AURTI,with its lag effect reaching a maximum at lag07,with a RR and 95%CI of 1.194(1.072-1.330).The relative risks(RR)of gaseous pollutants(SO_(2),NO_(2))were higher than those of particulate matter(PM2.5,PM10).Gender stratification showed that females seemed to be more vulnerable to exposure to SO_(2)and NO_(2),while males were more vulnerable to PM2.5,PM10 and O_(3).In the age stratification,people aged>65 years were more sensitive to PM2.5,PM10 and NO_(2),people aged 18-65 years were more sensitive to SO_(2).Conclusion Elevated concentrations of air pollutants in Hefei all increased the risk of emergency admissions for AURTI,with different patterns of effects by gender and age.

关 键 词：大气污染物 急性上呼吸道感染 急诊量 分布滞后非线形模型 

分 类 号：R56[医药卫生—呼吸系统] X51[医药卫生—内科学]