成孔蛋白E依赖性细胞焦亡在肾脏疾病中的作用  

The role of GSDME-dependent pyroptosis in renal diseases

作　　者：邓天玉 王晓燕[2] DENG Tianyu;WANG Xiaoyan(Department of Nephrology,the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210019,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属明基医院肾脏内科,江苏南京210019 [2]南京医科大学附属明基医院中心实验室

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2024年第5期845-849,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81970605)。

摘　　要：由成孔蛋白(gasdermins)家族成员介导的细胞焦亡(pyroptosis)是一种新型的细胞程序性死亡形式,其最初被描述为半胱天冬酶1和炎症小体依赖性细胞死亡途径,典型特征是膜完整性丧失和大量促炎因子的释放。成孔蛋白E(gasdermin E,GSDME)是gasdermins蛋白家族中的重要成员之一,最新研究发现它亦是参与细胞焦亡发生的一种关键调节蛋白,其在大多数正常组织细胞中表达,在特定的条件下可以将细胞凋亡诱导转变为细胞焦亡。肾脏疾病是危害人类身心健康的刽子手之一。近年来,GSDME依赖性细胞焦亡与肾脏疾病之间相关性被研究人员逐步证实,深入了解GSDME依赖性细胞焦亡在肾脏疾病中的作用途径以及在此过程中各种关键分子的潜在有效抑制剂,有利于进一步理解相关疾病的发病机制,发现它们诊断和治疗新靶点。本文回溯了GSDME依赖性细胞焦亡与急性肾损伤、糖尿病肾病、肾癌、梗阻性肾病和狼疮肾病等肾脏疾病相关的研究,总结GSDME依赖性细胞焦亡在这些肾脏疾病中的作用、机制以及相关药物干预等的研究进展,以期为临床和基础研究提供参考。Pyroptosis is a newly discovered form of programmed cell death that relies on caspase-1 and inflammasome activation to initiate the cell death process.This pathway is characterized by compromised membrane integrity and the release of numerous pro-inflammatory factors.Gasdermin E(GSDME),a member of the gasdermin family,plays a pivotal role in pyroptosis induction.It is widely expressed in normal tissues and can convert apoptosis into pyroptosis.Kidney diseases pose significant health risks to humans.In recent years,researchers have gradually revealed and confirmed the involvement of GSDME-dependent pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases.A comprehensive understanding of the role of GSDME-dependent pyroptosis in renal disease will facilitate the identification of novel targets for diagnosing and treatment.To provide valuable references for clinical and basic researchers,we present a review and summary of studies investigating the association between GSDME-dependent pyroptosis and renal diseases,including acute kidney injuries,diabetic nephropathy,renal carcinoma,obstructive nephropathy,and lupus glomerulonephritis.

关 键 词：急性肾损伤 糖尿病肾病 肾癌 梗阻性肾病 狼疮肾病 细胞焦亡 成孔蛋白E 半胱天冬酶 

分 类 号：R587.2[医药卫生—内分泌] R692[医药卫生—内科学]