百米级均质土坝坝体排水型式研究  

Study on Drainage Patterns of 100-meter-level Homogeneous Earth Dams

作　　者：汪李艳 王静[1] 赵海亮 吕琦[1] 杜娟娟 WANG Liyan;WANG Jing;ZHAO Hailiang;LU Qi;DU Juanjuan(PowerChina Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi'an 710065,China;Xi'an Water Affairs(Group)Planning and Design Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,西安710065 [2]西安水务(集团)规划设计研究院有限公司,西安710065

出　　处：《西北水电》2024年第2期66-71,共6页Northwest Hydropower

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划(S2024-YF-YBGY-1815).

摘　　要：坝体排水设计是土石坝工程设计中重要的工作之一。合理布置坝体排水型式、排水高程和范围,可有效降低坝体浸润线,控制坝体渗流,增加下游坝坡稳定,防止发生渗透破坏。目前国内已建坝高超过70 m的均质土坝坝体排水设计仍缺少成功的工程经验。为了解决坝内排水型式设计不尽合理、排水方案设计存在缺陷等问题,依托某在建工程,对均质土坝坝体内不同高程、不同位置拟定不同排水型式组合,通过数值仿真分析,研究排水体对坝体浸润线以及坝坡稳定的影响,提出了适合百米级均质土坝的最佳排水型式(竖向排水+水平排水+棱体排水)。结果表明:对于大坝下游常水位较高的百米级均质土坝,竖向排水+水平排水+棱体排水可以做为最佳的排水型式,且竖向排水结构设置在均质土坝坝体中下游,且做成向上游倾斜的形式,考虑施工质量,向上游倾斜的坡度以1∶0.5为宜,但对于此种组合排水,大坝渗透各向异性k_(x)/k_(z)的适用范围需结合具体工程进行计算分析。研究成果可为百米级均质土坝排水设计提供参考和借鉴作用。Dam drainage design is one of the important tasks in earth-rock dam engineering design.Reasonable arrangement of the dam drainage pattern,drainage elevation and range can effectively reduce the dam infiltration line,control dam seepage,increase the stability of the downstream dam slope,and prevent seepage failure.At present,there is still a lack of successful engineering experience in the drainage design of homogeneous earth dams with dam heights exceeding 70 m in China.In order to solve the problems of unreasonable drainage pattern design in the dam and defects in the drainage scheme design,relying on a project under construction,different drainage pattern combinations are drawn up at different elevations and locations in the homogeneous earth dam body,and the drainage is studied through numerical simulation analysis.The impact of the drainage system on the infiltration line of the dam body and the stability of the dam slope is analyzed,and the optimal drainage pattern(vertical drainage+horizontal drainage+prism drainage)suitable for 100-meter-level homogeneous earth dams is proposed.The results show that for a 100-meter-level homogeneous earth dam with a high normal water level downstream of the dam,vertical drainage+horizontal drainage+prism drainage can be the best drainage pattern,and the vertical drainage structure is set in the middle and lower reaches of the dam body and is tilted upstream.Considering the construction quality,the slope of the upstream tilt should be 1∶0.5.However,for this type of combined drainage,the applicable scope of the dam seepage anisotropy k_(x)/k_(z)needs to be calculated and analyzed based on specific projects.The study results can provide reference for the drainage design of 100-meter-level homogeneous earth dams.

关 键 词：百米级均质土坝 排水型式 竖向排水 

分 类 号：TV641[水利工程—水利水电工程]