黄河源区典型泥炭湿地地下水水位时空变化及流量过程  

Spatiotemporal change of groundwater level and discharge process in a typical peatland watershed in Source Region of Yellow River

作　　者：刘紫萱 周冰玉 李志威 黄草 田世民[4] LIU Zixuan;ZHOU Bingyu;LI Zhiwei;HUANG Cao;TIAN Shimin(School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Design Institute of CCCC First Highway Engineering Group Water Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410006,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利与环境工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]中交一公局集团水利工程有限公司勘测设计院,湖南长沙410006 [3]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [4]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2024年第3期27-33,共7页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2243214);三江源生态演变与修复技术学科创新引智项目(D18013)。

摘　　要：以黄河源区若尔盖盆地黑河上游的一个典型泥炭湿地小流域为研究对象,采用2018—2022年的地下水水位监测数据、气象数据和无人机航测地形数据,统计分析了泥炭湿地小流域内地下水水位时空变化,并推算了小流域沟道出口的断面水深与流量过程。结果表明:降水是泥炭湿地小流域地下水水位变化的主导因素,地下水水位与降水量变化趋势一致,且随降水与蒸散发之比的增大而上升;小流域中游地下水水位比上游波动更剧烈,且上游地下水水位均值高于中游,沟道中部泥炭湿地的蓄水能力在减退。根据水力学方法和地下水水位监测数据得到了泥炭湿地小流域的沟道断面水深-流量经验关系公式,可用于计算日流量过程线。A typical peatland watershed in the upper reaches of the Black River in the Zoige Basin in the Source Region of the Yellow River is taken as the research object.The groundwater level monitoring data,meteorological data,and unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey topographic data in 2018-2022 were used to statistically analyze the spatiotemporal changes of the groundwater level in the peatland watershed,and the section depth and discharge process of the channel outlet in the watershed were calculated.The results show that precipitation is the dominant factor of groundwater level change in the peatland watershed,and the changing trend of groundwater level is consistent with that of precipitation,which increases with the increase of the ratio of precipitation to evaporation.The groundwater level in the middle reaches of the small basin fluctuates more violently than that in the upper reaches.The average groundwater level in the upper reaches is higher than that in the middle reaches,and the water storage capacity of the peat wetland in the middle portion is decreasing.Based on the hydraulic method and the monitoring data of groundwater level,the empirical relationship formula between water depth and discharge in the channel sections of the peatland watershed is obtained,which can be used to calculate the daily discharge process line.

关 键 词：泥炭湿地 地下水 降水 水位变化 流量过程 若尔盖盆地 黄河源区 

分 类 号：TV121.3[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]