摩尼教十天王非佛教冥府十王辩  

The King of Ten Heavens of Manichaeism is notTen Kings of Purgatory of Secular Buddhism

作　　者：马小鹤[1] 汪娟 Xiaohe Ma;Juan Wang

机构地区：[1]哈佛大学哈佛燕京图书馆 [2]铭传大学应用中国文学系

出　　处：《天禄论丛》2023年第1期209-229,共21页Journal of Society for Chinese Studies Librarians

摘　　要：早期霞浦文书《摩尼光佛》中的“十天王”,又称“阿萨漫沙”,音译栗特文sm'nxsyδ,即敦煌汉文摩尼教经中的“十天王”“十天大王”。这是一个神——尊贵之王,乃净风次子,与民俗佛教冥府十王无涉。敦煌汉文摩尼教经中的“平等王”、《摩尼光佛》中的“阎罗”、摩尼教绘画《冥王圣帧》(大和文华馆藏画)中的“冥王”等名字则借自佛教疑伪经,其图像则受到民俗佛教《十王经》图或十王图轴的极大影响。后期霞浦文书《冥福请佛文》中的冥府十王则出自民俗佛教,并非摩尼教之神。The“King of the Ten Heavens”in the Xiapu scripture Mani the Buddha of Light,also known as Asamanshatransliteration of Sogdian sm'nxsyδ,can be identified with“King of the Ten Heavens”and“Great King of the Ten Heavens”in the Dunhuang Chinese Manichaean scriptures.He is a Manichaean godRex honoris,the second son of the Living Spirit and has nothing to do with the Ten Kings of the Underworld of secular Buddhism.The names“Impartial King”in the Dunhuang Chinese Manichaean scriptures,Yama in Mani the Buddha of Light,and Hades in the Manichaean Sacred Painting of Hades(Yamato Bunkakan painting)were borrowed from Buddhist apocryphal scriptures and their images were greatly influenced by the Ten Kings paintings and the hanging scrlls of the Ten Kings of Hell of secular Buddhism.The Ten Kings of the Underworld in Xiapu scripture Invoking Buddhas for Postmortem Merit are from secular Buddhism,not the gods of Manichaeism.

关 键 词：摩尼教 十天王 净风次子 民俗佛教 冥府十王 

分 类 号：B94[哲学宗教—宗教学]