2021—2023年青岛市小兽携带鼠传病原体监测分析  

An investigation of rodent⁃borne pathogens in small mammals of Qingdao from 2021 to 2023

作　　者：孙庚晓 刘砚涛[1,2] 葛安青 徐汉猛 赵晓波 马小芳 王伟[1,2] 李炳辉 黄奕清[1,2] 宋富成 SUN Gengxiao;LIU Yantao;GE Anqing;XU Hanmeng;ZHAO Xiaobo;MA Xiaofang;WANG Wei;LI Binghui;HUANG Yiqing;SONG Fucheng(Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qingdao,Shandong 266033,China;Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine,Qingdao,Shandong 266033,China;West Coast New District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qingdao,Shandong 266500,China;Laixi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Laixi,Shandong 266600,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市疾病预防控制中心,山东青岛266033 [2]青岛市预防医学研究院,山东青岛266033 [3]青岛市西海岸新区疾病预防控制中心,山东青岛266500 [4]莱西市疾病预防控制中心,山东莱西266600

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2024年第2期166-169,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：“一带一路”背景下山东省病媒生物防制策略研究(2021-ZXJK-17)。

摘　　要：目的调查青岛市小兽携带病原体基本情况,为鼠传疾病的防控工作提供理论依据。方法2021—2023年在青岛市西海岸新区、即墨区、胶州市、平度市和莱西市采集小兽肝、脾、肾和肺组织的核酸样本,采用实时荧光定量PCR(Quantitative Real-time PCR,qPCR)检测致病性钩端螺旋体和巴尔通体,反转录实时荧光定量PCR(Reverse transcription-qPCR,RT-qPCR)方法检测汉坦病毒和新型布尼亚病毒。对种群构成比、病原体感染率进行统计学分析。结果本次共捕获小兽624只,其中褐家鼠最多,占比为4311%,小家鼠占比为3686%、黑线姬鼠占比为1394%、鼩鼱占比为609%。病原学检测结果显示,鼠传病原体中汉坦病毒感染率为337%,致病性钩端螺旋体感染率为096%,巴尔通体感染率为112%;未检出新型布尼亚病毒。褐家鼠和小家鼠均检出3种病原体,以褐家鼠携带病原体感染率最高;监测生境中农田耕地生境鼠病原体检出感染率最高为820%。结论青岛市存在汉坦病毒、巴尔通体、致病性钩端螺旋体的鼠传病原感染情况,应加强农村地区的鼠传病原体监测和防控工作,降低人群鼠传病原体的感染风险。Objective To investigate the basic situation of pathogens carried by small mammal in Qingdao,and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of rodent diseases.Methods Nucleic acid samples of liver,spleen,kidney and lung tissues of small mammal were collected from the West Coast New District,Jimo District,Jiaozhou City,Pingdu City and Laixi City during 2021—2023.The qPCR was used to detect pathogenic Leptospirosis and Bartonella,and the RT-qPCR was used to detect Hantavirus and novel Bunyavirus.And the population composition ratio and the infection rate of pathogens were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 624 small mammals were captured,among which Rattus norvegicus accounted for 4311%,Mus musculus accounted for 3686%,Apodemus agrarius accounted for 1394%,Sorex spp accounted for 609%.The pathogen detection results showed that the infection rate of Hantavirus in mouse borne pathogens was 337%.The infection rate of pathogenic Leptospira is 096%,and Bartonella is 112%.No novel Bunyavirus was detected.Three kinds of pathogens were detected in both Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus,and the highest infection rate was Rattus norvegicus.The highest infection rate of rodent pathogens in farmland was 820%.Conclusion There are cases of rodent pathogens such as Hantavirus,Bartonella,and pathogenic Leptospira in Qingdao.It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and prevention of rodent borne pathogens in rural areas to reduce the risk of rodent borne infections in the population.

关 键 词：小兽 汉坦病毒 致病性钩端螺旋体 巴尔通体 

分 类 号：R184.3[医药卫生—流行病学]