早期吞咽功能训练联合重力喂养护理在早产低体重儿中的应用效果  

Application effects of early swallowing function training combined with gravity feeding nursing in premature low birth weight infants

作　　者：陈跃芬 王婵惠 陈伟霞[1] 李夏莲[1] 黄丽娇[1] CHEN Yuefen;WANG Chanhui;CHEN Weixia;LI Xialian;HUANG Lijiao(Department of Pediatrics of the Second People’s Hospital of Shantou,Shantou 515011 Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]汕头市第二人民医院儿科,广东汕头515011

出　　处：《中国民康医学》2024年第9期183-185,189,共4页Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Health

摘　　要：目的:观察早期吞咽功能训练联合重力喂养护理在早产低体重儿中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年6月至2022年6月该院收治的80例早产低体重儿进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组各40例。两组均实施常规护理,在此基础上,对照组实施重力喂养护理,观察组在对照组基础上联合早期吞咽功能训练。比较两组喂养相关指标(恢复至出生体质量时间、达到全胃肠内喂养时间、开始经口喂养时间、住院时间)水平、护理前后生长发育指标(身长、体质量、头围)水平、早期神经发育[新生儿20项行为神经测定(NBNA)]评分,以及喂养不良反应发生率。结果:观察组恢复至出生体质量时间、达到全胃肠内喂养时间、开始经口喂养时间、住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组身长、体质量、头围水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组行为能力、被动肌张力、主动肌张力、原始反射、一般评估等NBNA各维度评分及总分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组喂养不良反应发生率为17.50%(7/40),低于对照组的40.00%(16/40),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:早期吞咽功能训练联合重力喂养护理应用于早产低体重儿可改善喂养相关指标水平,提高生长发育指标水平和早期神经发育评分,降低喂养不良反应发生率,效果优于单纯重力喂养护理。Objective:To observe application effects of early swallowing function training combined with gravity feeding nursing in premature low birth weight infants.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on the clinical data of 80 premature low birth weight infants admitted to this hospital from June 2020 to June 2022.They were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method,40 cases in each group.Both groups were given routine nursing.On this basis,the control group was given gravity feeding nursing,while the observation group was combined with early swallowing function training on the basis of that of the control group.The levels of feeding related indexes(time to return to birth weight,time to reach total gastrointestinal feeding,time to start oral feeding,hospitalization time)and growth and development indexes(body length,body weight,head circumference)before and after the nursing,the early neurological development[neonatal 20-item behavioral neurological assessment(NBNA)]score,and the incidence of feeding adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:The time to return to birth weight,the time to reach total gastrointestinal feeding,the time to start oral feeding and the hospitalization time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After the nursing,the body length,body weight and head circumference of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of each dimension and the total score of NBNA such as behavioral ability,passive muscle tension,active muscle tension,primitive reflex and general assessment in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the incidence of feeding adverse reactions in the observation group was 17.50%(7/40),which was lower than 40.00%(16/40)in the control group,and th

关 键 词：早产 低体重 重力喂养 早期吞咽功能训练 生长发育 神经发育 喂养不良反应 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]