粤东地区呼吸道感染住院儿童人博卡病毒的感染特点分析  

Analysis on the characteristics of human bocavirus infection in hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection in east Guangdong

作　　者：余少玲 陈培填 YU Shao-ling;CHEN Pei-tian(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515044,China)

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院第二附属医院,515044

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2024年第9期153-158,共6页China Practical Medicine

基　　金：汕头科技计划医疗卫生类别项目(项目编号:汕府科[2023]68号-42)。

摘　　要：目的分析粤东地区呼吸道感染住院患儿人博卡病毒(HBoV)流行病学特征,为粤东地区儿童HBoV的防治提供数据支持。方法13499例呼吸道感染住院患儿,对其咽拭子标本行巨细胞病毒(CMV)、肺炎链球菌(SP)、HBoV等16种病原体核酸检测。观察呼吸道病原体检出结果;分析HBoV感染的年龄、年份、季节分布情况,HBoV单纯感染、混合感染检出情况及临床表现。结果13499例患儿中,HBoV阳性检出269例,阳性率为1.99%。幼儿期患儿HBoV阳性检出率最高,为3.75%(215/5737),其次是婴儿期(1.13%)、学龄前期(0.19%),学龄期未检出HBoV阳性,不同时期患儿HBoV阳性检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。269例HBoV阳性患儿中,≤3岁患儿占98.51%(265/269),尤其是1~2岁年龄段患儿占65.80%(177/269)。HBoV春夏秋冬四季阳性检出率分别为1.65%、1.23%、2.55%、2.50%,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HBoV一年四季均可检出,以秋冬季节流行为主。2019年4月~2020年3月、2020年4月~2021年3月、2021年4月~2022年3月及2022年4月~2023年3月HBoV阳性检出率分别为2.64%、2.26%、1.58%、1.63%,阳性检出率有下降趋势,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HBoV单纯感染78例,占29.00%(78/269);HBoV混合感染191例,占71.00%(191/269)。HBoV单纯感染患儿临床特征为咳嗽(78例,100.00%)、发热(53例,67.95%)、喘息(37例,47.44%);HBoV混合感染患儿临床特征为咳嗽(190例,99.48%)、发热(133例,69.63%)、喘息(88例,46.07%);HBoV单纯感染、混合感染患儿临床特征比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论HBoV是粤东地区呼吸道感染住院患儿的主要病原体之一,在秋冬季节流行,主要感染幼儿期儿童,尤其是1~2岁儿童,感染后常出现咳嗽、发热及喘息等症状。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human bocavirus(HBoV)in hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection in eastern Guangdong,so as to provide data support for the prevention and treatment of HBoV in children in eastern Guangdong.Methods 13499 hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection underwent nucleic acid testing on their throat swab specimens for 16 pathogens,including cytomegalovirus(CMV),Streptococcus pneumoniae(SP),and HBoV.The results of respiratory pathogen detection were observed;the age,year and seasonal distribution of HBoV infection,the detection of HBoV infection and mixed infections,and the clinical manifestations were analyzed.Results Among the 13499 children,269 cases were positive for HBoV,with a positive rate of 1.99%.The positive detection rate of HBoV in preschool children was the highest,at 3.75%(215/5737),followed by infancy(1.13%)and pre-school age(0.19%).No HBoV positivity was detected in school age,and there was a statistically significant difference in comparing the positive detection rate of HBoV in children at different periods(P<0.05).Of the 269 HBoV-positive children,98.51%(265/269)were≤3 years of age,especially those 1-2 years of age accounted for 65.80%(177/269).The positive detection rates of HBoV in spring,summer,fall and winter were 1.65%,1.23%,2.55%and 2.50%,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).HBoV could be detected throughout the year,with predominant prevalence in the fall and winter seasons.The positive detection rates of HBoV were 2.64%,2.26%,1.58%,and 1.63%from April 2019 to March 2020,April 2020 to March 2021,April 2021 to March 2022,and April 2022 to March 2023,with a decreasing trend in the positive detection rate,and the difference in comparison was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were 78 cases of simple HBoV infection,accounting for 29.00%(78/269);191 cases of mixed HBoV infection,accounting for 71.00%(191/269).The clinical characteristics of children with simple infection were cough(78 ca

关 键 词：呼吸道病原体 人博卡病毒 儿童 流行病学 临床特征 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]