铁路货车轮毂对轴承压装力-位移曲线的影响研究  

Research on the Influence of Railway Freight Car Hub on the Force Displacement Curve of Bearing Press Mounting

作　　者：魏常庆 张皓 WEI Changqing;ZHANG Hao(Suning Vehicle Maintenance Branch,China Energy Railway Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Cangzhou 062350,China)

机构地区：[1]国能铁路装备有限责任公司肃宁车辆维修分公司,河北沧州062350

出　　处：《机械与电子》2024年第5期76-80,共5页Machinery & Electronics

基　　金：国能铁路装备有限责任公司科技项目(2008H037)。

摘　　要：为保障铁路货车行驶安全,实现对铁路货车轮对磨耗状况的预测,研究铁路货车轮毂对轴承压装力-位移曲线的影响。首先以轮毂轴承内圈与车轴轴颈配合为基础,从力学角度分析轮毂对轴承压装过程,获取轴承压装力-位移间的标准曲线,并以此为基础,依照广义胡克理论计算轮毂对轴承压装力值。然后构建基于最小二乘支持向量机的预测模型,以轴承压装力值与车轮直径等参数为输入向量,以铁路货车轮对磨耗为输出变量,利用量子粒子群算法优化预测模型参数,通过参数编码、确定适应度参数等过程提升预测模型求解效率与精度。最后利用实验证明所提方法的先进性。实验结果表明,该方法可获取研究对象压装力-位移曲线,通过校正可获取满足轴承设计标准的压装力理论结果,以此为基础可准确预测车轮对的磨耗状况。In order to ensure the running safety of railway freight cars and realize the prediction of the wear condition of railway freight car wheel sets,the influence of railway freight car hubs on the force displacement curve of bearing press mounting is studied.First,based on the fit between the inner ring of the wheel hub bearing and the axle journal,the process of pressing the wheel hub to the bearing is analyzed from the point of view of mechanics,and the standard curve between the loading force and displacement of the bearing is obtained.On this basis,the pressing force value of the wheel hub to the bearing is calculated according to the generalized Hooke theory.Then,a prediction model based on the least squares support vector machine is constructed.Taking the parameters such as the bearing load value and wheel diameter as the input vectors,and the wear of railway freight car wheel sets as the output variables,the parameters of the prediction model are optimized by using the quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm.The efficiency and accuracy of the prediction model are improved through the process of parameter coding and determining the fitness parameters.Finally,experiments are carried out to prove the progressiveness of the proposed method.The experimental results show that the method can obtain the press fitting force displacement curve of the research object,and the theoretical results of the press fitting force that meet the bearing design standards can be obtained through correction,based on which the wear condition of the wheel pair can be accurately predicted.

关 键 词：铁路货车 轮毂 轴承 压装力-位移 磨耗状况 胡克理论 

分 类 号：U279[机械工程—车辆工程]