驱油用表面活性剂及其吸附特性的研究进展  

Recent advances of surfactants and their adsorption characteristics in oil recovery

作　　者：刘子龙 黑艳晓 石迪 肖宇飞 李雪 Zilong Liu;Yanxiao Hei;Di Shi;Yufei Xiao;Xue Li(Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas,Basic Research Center for Energy Interdisciplinary,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China;State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气光学与探测北京市重点实验室能源交叉学科基础研究中心,北京102249 [2]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与工程全国重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《日用化学工业（中英文）》2024年第4期457-466,共10页China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics

基　　金：中国石油大学(北京)校级自主科研基金(No.2462020BJRC007,No.2462022YXZZ007);油气资源与工程全国重点实验室(No.PRE/DX-2408)。

摘　　要：提高原油采收率是实现我国能源稳产增产的重要保障,其中以表面活性剂为主剂的化学驱油技术是一种潜力巨大的提高采收率方法。从驱油用表面活性剂的分类出发,详细介绍了不同种类表面活性剂的物化特征及其驱油特性的优缺点,主要包括广泛使用的阴离子、两性和非离子表面活性剂以及新兴的双子表面活性剂等。随着石油行业需求的不断变化,低成本、高效能、绿色的新型表面活性剂已成为未来发展的主要趋势。在驱油过程中表面活性剂的吸附损耗使得溶液中表面活性剂的有效浓度下降,导致驱油效率大大降低。因此,进一步重点综述了驱油用表面活性剂固液界面吸附特性的研究进展,其中吸附等温线模型主要用于评价恒温条件下表面活性剂在固液界面上的吸附量与吸附平衡后表面活性剂浓度的关系,而吸附动力学模型可用于评估吸附速率与时间的关系,揭示表面活性剂吸附的深层机制。为了更佳全面准确地描述表面活性剂吸附特性,有必要联合使用多种吸附模型,也需要发展新型的模型。Enhanced oil recovery is an important guarantee for increasing energy production in China.Chemical flooding based on surfactants is an important method to enhance oil recovery.The classification of surfactants used in oil displacement were introduced.The physicochemical characteristics of surfactants and their advantages and disadvantages in oil displacement were also introduced in detail,including the widely used anionic,zwitterionic and nonionic surfactants and the rarely used Gemini surfactants.As the demand of oil industry is changing,synthesis of green surfactants with low cost and high efficiency has become the main trend of future development.During the process of oil displacement,the adsorption of surfactants will reduce the effective concentration of surfactants in solution,resulting in the significant decrease of oil displacement efficiency.Therefore,herein,the research progress of adsorption properties of surfactants used in oil displacement at solid-liquid interface was also reviewed.The adsorption isotherm models are mainly used to describe the relationship between the amount adsorbed at solid-liquid interface and the surfactant concentration after equilibrium at constant temperature.The adsorption kinetic models can be used to evaluate the relationship between adsorption rate and time,revealing the mechanism of adsorption.To describe the adsorption properties of surfactants more comprehensively and accurately,it is necessary to develop new adsorption models and use multiple models in combination.

关 键 词：表面活性剂 提高原油采收率 吸附等温线 吸附动力学 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] TE39