新型冠状病毒疫苗激发T淋巴细胞免疫作用的优势探讨  

Advantages of COVID-19 vaccine in the T cell immune response

作　　者：卓家同[1] ZHUO Jiatong(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning,Guangxi 530028,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530028

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2024年第4期409-414,共6页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：【目的】探讨新型冠状病毒疫苗(简称“新冠疫苗”)激发T淋巴细胞的免疫作用的优势。【方法】通过分析新型冠状病毒(简称“新冠病毒”)原始株、德尔塔变异株和奥密克戎变异株不同时段潜伏期百分构成与mRNA新冠疫苗、新冠灭活疫苗相应预防感染及发病效果,论证T细胞免疫与B细胞免疫激发时程和相关实验。【结果】mRNA新冠疫苗预防感染及发病与新冠病毒潜伏期≥5 d百分构成一致,新冠灭活疫苗预防感染及发病与新冠病毒潜伏期≥8 d百分构成一致,mRNA新冠疫苗预防新冠病毒引起的早期感染及发病更有效。【结论】mRNA新冠疫苗细胞内激发T细胞免疫比新冠灭活疫苗细胞外激发B细胞免疫更快。[Objective]To illustrate the mechanism of COVID-19 vaccine in the T cell immune response.[Methods]Based on the characteristics of T cell and B cell immune response,we matched the data of incubation periods across the SARS-CoV-2 prototype strain,Delta variants,and Omicron variants and effectiveness of mRNA and inactivated COVID-19 vaccines for analysis.[Results]The effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine against infection and onset was consistent with incubation period principally being≥5 days.In contrast,the effectiveness of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was consistent with incubation period principally being≥8 days.[Conclusion]It may be interpreted by faster T cell immune response stimulated by mRNA vaccine,compared to B cell immune response by inactivated vaccine.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 mRNA新冠疫苗 灭活疫苗 T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞免疫反应 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学]