IgA血管炎发病机制及治疗的研究进展  

Research Progress on the Pathogenesis and Treatment of IgA Vasculitis

作　　者：王晴雯 郭庆寅[2] WANG Qingwen;GUO Qingyin(Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450003,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学,郑州450003 [2]河南中医药大学第一附属医院,郑州450003

出　　处：《宁夏医科大学学报》2024年第4期428-432,共5页Journal of Ningxia Medical University

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金项目(212300410369);河南省自然科学基金项目(242300420108)。

摘　　要：IgA血管炎(IgAV)是儿童常见的全身性小血管炎疾病,它有IgA1免疫复合物沉着、中性粒细胞和补体因子浸润的特征,其发病机制仍不明。IgAV常累及皮肤小血管、消化道、关节及肾脏。症状有一定自限性,但小部分患者会进展成类似IgA肾病的肾炎,出现血尿、蛋白尿,继而发展为终末期肾病。含有半乳糖缺乏IgA1(Gd-IgA1)的免疫复合物在IgAV的病理生理过程中起着关键作用;通过Fc受体(CD89),诱导血管周围的中性粒细胞炎症和肾小球系膜增生和炎症。本文就IgA、IgA受体、中性粒细胞以及补体系统、遗传和感染等因素在IgAV发病机制中的作用及新疗法的发现作一综述。Immunoglobulin A vasculitis(IgAV)is the most common form of childhood vasculitis.The disease has the characteristic of IgA1 immunoreactivity deposition,neutral cell and complement factors infiltration,and the pathogenesis is not yet clear.IgAV often affects small vessels of skin,gastrointestinal tract,joints,and kidney.The symptoms are limited,but some patients develop nephritis,hematuria and proteinuria,similar to IgA nephropathy,which develop to the end-stage renal disease.Immune complexes containing galactose-deficient IgA1(Gd-IgA1)play a key role in the pathophysiology of IgAV;through Fc receptor(CD89),the inflammation of the neutral granule cells in the peripheral blood vessel and the proliferation and inflammation of the renal glomerular mesangial are caused.In this review,we discuss the putative role of IgA,IgA receptors,neutrophils and other factors such as the complement system,genetics,and infections in the pathogenesis of IgA vasculitis,as well as the discovery of new therapies.

关 键 词：过敏性紫癜 IgA血管炎 半乳糖缺乏IgA1 IgA受体 抗内皮细胞抗体 

分 类 号：R543[医药卫生—心血管疾病]