超声滚压表面复合强化研究综述  

Review of Research on Ultrasonic Surface Rolling Composite Strengthening Technology

作　　者：梁浩 潘永智[1] 孙玉涵 张艺嘉 潘延安[1] 付秀丽[1] LIANG Hao;PAN Yongzhi;SUN Yuhan;ZHANG Yijia;PAN Yan'an;FU Xiuli(School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学机械工程学院,济南250022

出　　处：《表面技术》2024年第10期41-55,109,共16页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52175408);山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KE022);山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2021ME183)。

摘　　要：超声滚压技术通过位错的湮灭和产生将晶粒细化至纳米级,提高了材料硬度和耐磨损等性能。探讨了如何进一步提升材料的使役性能,通过将超声滚压与其他处理技术相结合形成复合加工工艺,克服单一超声滚压处理工艺的局限性,如超过塑性变形的极限或过度强化带来的起皱、开裂和压溃等。超声滚压表面复合强化技术作为特种复合加工工艺,在零件高性能表面制造中具有明显优势。根据超声滚压在复合工艺中的位置顺序,分别介绍了超声滚压前端强化、同步强化和后续强化3种加工类型。超声滚压前端复合加工技术主要包括超声滚压复合物理气相沉积技术和超声滚压复合离子注入技术等。在超声滚压同步强化方面,讨论了声电耦合和温度场辅助超声滚压对变形层厚度和摩擦磨损性能的影响。在超声滚压后续强化方面,介绍了涂层复合超声滚压技术,讨论了它对涂层裂纹、孔隙以及表面粗糙度的影响。此外,分析了超声滚压对复合强化过程中材料微观组织演化和塑性变形的作用机制,总结了这些技术在改善表面强化效果和满足复杂服役要求方面的研究现状。最后,展望了超声滚压复合强化技术的应用前景和发展方向,强调了它在提高材料使役性能方面的研究价值和目标。The ultrasonic surface rolling process(USRP)refines the grain to nanometer level through the annihilation and generation of dislocation,which improves the hardness and wear resistance of the material.The strengthening mechanism of USRP technology mainly includes dislocation strengthening and fine grain strengthening.By applying ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration with a certain amplitude along the normal direction of the surface of the component with a rolling head,the static pressure and ultrasonic shock vibration of the rolling head are transmitted to the rotating or static surface of the mechanical component under a certain feeding condition,which results in periodic extrusion and obvious plastic deformation of the metal material surface.Besides,dislocation is easy to occur on the metal material surface under the action of USRP,and the dislocation density increases with dislocation initiation and entanglement.The continuous annihilation and generation of dislocation refine the surface to the nanometer level,and then form a gradient nanolayer.This can reduce the surface roughness of the material and improve the surface properties such as hardness,wear resistance and corrosion resistance,which is beneficial to the surface properties of the material.The work aims to explore how to further improve the serviceability of the material by combining USRP with other processing technologies to form a composite processing technology to overcome some of the limitations of a single USRP technology,such as the limit of plastic deformation or the defects of crushing caused by excessive strengthening.After USRP treatment,shear deformation and local fatigue damage will occur on the surface of the material,resulting in reduced deformation resistance.In addition,the severe plastic deformation will cause the hardness of the surface strengthening layer to increase,which can not be significantly improved in the subsequent process.The strengthening effect of USRP is also limited by the material itself.Therefore,the combination

关 键 词：超声滚压 复合强化 微观组织演化 表面强化 

分 类 号：TG176[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]