基于可视化技术的叶轮外径对泵自吸特性的影响  

Effect of impeller outer diameter on pump self-priming characteristics based on visualization technology

作　　者：章慧妍 牟介刚 杨雪龙 邹道杭 吴紫阳 王奭寅 ZHANG Huiyan;MOU Jiegang;YANG Xuelong;ZOU Daohang;WU Ziyang;WANG Shiyin(School of Metrology and Testing Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学计量测试工程学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2024年第5期456-462,共7页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51779226,51909235);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LGG21E090002)。

摘　　要：为清晰直观地研究自吸泵在不同叶轮外径下的自吸特性,基于可视化技术,搭建可视化试验台,使用高速摄像机记录并比较5种不同叶轮外径的自吸泵在试验过程中的自吸时间和自吸泵内部各区域的气液流动状态瞬态变化,并对自吸式离心泵的自吸特性进行研究.研究结果表明:可视化试验能够准确捕捉泵内气液两相流动,其流动状态是瞬态且清晰的,可以清楚揭示不同叶轮外径D 2对自吸泵在自吸过程中各个阶段气液两相流态的影响变化过程;叶轮外径改变影响其出口与隔舌的间隙,从而使泵内气液混合状态以及混合流体中气泡的特征发生变化,在一定范围(D 2/160为0.963~1.000)内,叶轮外径与自吸泵的自吸性能成正比,随着叶轮外径增大,泵内气液混合效率提高,自吸时间减短,自吸性能越好,反之,外径减小则泵的自吸性能越差;当叶轮外径减小到一定程度(D 2/160小于0.963)时,气液混合过程停滞,自吸泵无法进行自吸.To clearly and intuitively study the self-priming characteristics of a self-priming pump under different impeller diameters,a visualization test bench was built based on the visualization technology.The self-priming time of five self-priming pumps with different impeller outer diameters and the transient changes of gas-liquid flow state in each region of the self-priming pump were recorded and compared by using high-speed camera,and the self-priming characteristics of the self-priming centri-fugal pump were experimentally studied.The results show that the visualization experiments can accurately capture the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the pump,and the flow state is transient and clear.It can clearly reveal the influence of different impeller outer diameters on the gas-liquid two-phase flow state at each stage of the self-priming pump during the self-priming process.The change in the outer diameter of the impeller affects the gap between its outlet and the baffle,thereby causing changes in the gas-liquid mixing state inside the pump and the characteristics of bubbles in the mixed fluid.Within a certain range(D 2/160 is 0.963-1.000),the outer diameter of the impeller is directly proportional to the self-priming performance of the self-priming pump.As the outer diameter of the impeller increases,the gas-liquid mixing efficiency inside the pump increases,the self-priming time decreases,and the self-priming performance improves.On the contrary,the smaller the outer diameter,the worse the self-priming performance of the pump.When the outer diameter of the impeller decreases to a certain extent(D 2/160 is less than 0.963),the gas-liquid mixing process stops and the self-priming pump cannot perform self-priming.

关 键 词：自吸泵 可视化技术 叶轮外径 自吸特性 试验 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程] TH311[农业科学—农业工程]