增氧灌溉对温室番茄生长及光响应特征的影响  

Effects of aerobic irrigation on growth and light response characteristics of greenhouse tomatoes

作　　者：周义堂 张哲 孙军娜 杨润亚[2] 张振华[3] ZHOU Yitang;ZHANG Zhe;SUN Junna;YANG Runya;ZHANG Zhenhua(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Ludong University,Yantai,Shandong 264025,China;School of Life Sciences,Ludong University,Yantai,Shandong 264025,China;School of Hydraulic Engineering,Ludong University,Yantai,Shandong 264025,China)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学资源与环境工程学院,山东烟台264025 [2]鲁东大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264025 [3]鲁东大学水利工程学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2024年第5期517-524,共8页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41771256);山东省重点研发计划项目(2019JZZY010710);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2020CXGC010808-05);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2020MD101)。

摘　　要：为提高温室番茄产量和光能利用能力,基于温室盆栽试验,设置了3个溶解氧质量浓度梯度5,15,25 mg/L(即处理A1,A2和A3),采用直角双曲线模型、非直角双曲线模型等6种模型对温室番茄叶片进行了光响应曲线拟合,分析了不同增氧水平对温室番茄生物量、产量、光响应曲线模型及光响应参数的影响.结果表明:处理A2下番茄地上部鲜质量、干质量,地下部鲜质量、干质量,根冠比和产量均达到最大,较处理A1分别提升了25.65%,17.62%,13.35%,36.80%,16.25%和33.82%(P<0.05).番茄地上部质量和产量与气孔导度(G S)、胞间CO 2浓度(C i)和蒸腾速率(T r)呈极显著正相关,地下部干质量与G S,C i呈显著正相关,与T r呈极显著正相关.处理A2下温室番茄叶片的最大净光合速率(P n max)、光饱和点(LSP)、暗呼吸速率(R d)和表观量子效率(α)等光响应参数达到最大,光补偿点(LCP)达到最小.6种模型中,直角双曲线修正模型拟合的光响应曲线其R 2最大,均高于0.992,而RMSE和MAE最小,分别在0.447和0.383以下;对P n max,LSP,LCP和R d等参数的拟合值更接近于实测值.因此,溶解氧质量浓度为15 mg/L更有助于温室番茄高产;直角双曲线修正模型是适合增氧灌溉下温室番茄光响应曲线拟合的最优模型.To improve the yield and light use capability of greenhouse tomatoes,based on a greenhouse pot experiment,three dissolved oxygen mass concentration gradients of 5,15,25 mg/L(i.e.treatments A1,A2 and A3)were set up.Six models,such as Rectangular hyperbola model,Nonrectangular hyperbola model,were used for the light response curve fitting of greenhouse tomato leaves.The effects of different oxygenation levels on greenhouse tomato biomass and yield,light response curve model and light response parameters were analyzed.The results show that the aboveground fresh weight,aboveground dry weight,root fresh weight,root dry weight,root-shoot ratio and yield of tomatoes reach the maximum under treatment A2,which are increased by 25.65%,17.62%,13.35%,36.80%,16.25%and 33.82%,respectively,compared to treatment A1(P<0.05).Aboveground fresh weight,aboveground dry weight and yield of tomatoes are highly significantly and positively correlated with stomatal conductance(G S),intercellular CO 2 concentration(C i)and transpiration rate(T r),while root dry weight is significantly and positively correlated with G S and C i,and extremely significantly positively correlated with T r.The light response parameters such as maximum net photosynthetic rate(P n max),light saturation point(LSP),dark respiration rate(R d)and apparent quantum efficiency(α)of greenhouse tomato leaves under treatment A2 reach the maximum,and light compensation point(LCP)reaches the minimum.Among the six models,Rectangular hyperbola modified model R 2 is the largest,all higher than 0.992,and the RMSE and MAE are the smallest,which below 0.447 and 0.383,respectively.The fitted values for parameters such as P n max,LSP,LCP and R d are closer to the measured values.Therefore,a dissolved oxygen concentration of 15 mg/L is more helpful for high yield of greenhouse tomatoes.The Rectangular hyperbola modified model is the optimal model suitable for fitting the light response curve of greenhouse tomatoes under aerobic irrigation.

关 键 词：温室番茄 增氧灌溉 溶解氧质量浓度 产量 光响应曲线 

分 类 号：S257.6[农业科学—农业机械化工程] K903[农业科学—农业工程]