陆架边缘三角洲-深水扇源汇耦合关系及成因机制——以珠江口盆地白云南洼古近系珠海组为例  

Coupling relationship and genetic mechanisms of shelf-edge delta and deep-water fan source-to-sink:A case study in Paleogene Zhuhai Formation in south subsag of Baiyun Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin,China

作　　者：唐武 谢晓军 熊连桥 郭帅 徐敏 徐恩泽 白海强 刘子玉 TANG Wu;XIE Xiaojun;XIONG Lianqiao;GUO Shuai;XU Min;XU Enze;BAI Haiqiang;LIU Ziyu(CNOOC Research Institute Ltd,Beijing 100028,China;School of Geosciences,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油研究总院有限责任公司,北京100028 [2]长江大学地球科学学院,武汉430100

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2024年第3期513-525,共13页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“南海深海地质演变对油气资源的控制作用”(91528303);中海石油(中国)有限公司科技项目“南海天然气基础地质与勘探战略方向”(2021-KT-YXKY-05)。

摘　　要：基于珠江口盆地新采集处理的三维地震资料、钻测井和岩心资料,精细解剖白云南洼古近系渐新统珠海组陆架边缘三角洲-深水扇(简称“洲-扇”),以揭示陆架边缘到深水扇沉积复杂的耦合关系和成因机制。研究结果表明,珠海组四段—一段沉积时期,研究区“洲-扇”沉积体系规模具有先增大后减小的规律,珠海组三段—一段沉积早期深水扇发育,珠海组二段沉积晚期平面分布规模最大。依据顺物源方向洲-扇发育程度的不同,划分出“有洲有扇、有洲无扇、无洲有扇”3种不同类型的洲-扇耦合关系。(1)“有洲有扇”型的陆架区发育陆架边缘三角洲,其下倾方向的陆坡区深水扇发育,强物源供给和相对海平面下降是主控该类型洲-扇系统发育的两大关键因素,而陆架边缘水道的发育有利于在弱物源供给及相对海平面上升时期仍能形成该类型源汇系统。(2)“有洲无扇”型的陆架区发育陆架边缘三角洲,其下倾方向的陆坡区却不发育深水扇,缺“源”、少“渠”和流体改造是形成该类型的3大主要原因。(3)“无洲有扇”型的陆坡区发育深水扇,但溯源其上倾方向陆架区不发育陆架边缘三角洲,陆架边缘的流体改造和陆坡区渠道通畅(水道发育)两者相互耦合共同控制其形成。The coupling relationship between shelf-edge deltas and deep-water fan sand bodies is a hot and cutting-edge field of international sedimentology and deep-water oil and gas exploration.Based on the newly acquired high-resolution 3D seismic,logging and core data of Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB),this paper dissected the shelf-edge delta to deep-water fan(SEDDF)depositional system in the Oligocene Zhuhai Formation of Paleogene in south subsag of Baiyun Sag,and revealed the complex coupling relationship from the continental shelf edge to deep-water fan sedimentation and its genetic mechanisms.The results show that during the deposition of the fourth to first members of the Zhuhai Formation,the scale of the SEDDF depositional system in the study area showed a pattern of first increasing and then decreasing,with deep-water fan developed in the third to first members and the largest plane distribution scale developed in the late stage of the second member.Based on the development of SEDDF depositional system along the source direction,three types of coupling relationships are divided,namely,deltas that are linked downdip to fans,deltas that lack downdip fans and fans that lack updip coeval deltas,with different depositional characteristics and genetic mechanisms.(1)Deltas that are linked downdip to fans:with the development of shelf-edge deltas in the shelf area and deep-water fans in the downdip slope area,and the strong source supply and relative sea level decline are the two key factors which control the development of this type of source-to-sink(S2S).The development of channels on the continental shelf edge is conducive to the formation of this type of S2S system even with weak source supply and high sea level.(2)Deltas that lack downdip fans:with the development of shelf edge deltas in shelf area,while deep water fans are not developed in the downdip slope area.The lack of“sources”and“channels”,and fluid transformation are the three main reasons for the formation of this type of S2S system.(3)Fans that lack

关 键 词：陆架边缘三角洲 深水扇 源汇系统 古近系珠海组 白云凹陷 珠江口盆地 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]