九分量横波三维地震在生物气区沉积储层研究中的应用——以柴达木盆地三湖坳陷台东地区更新统七个泉组为例  

Application of 9-component S-wave 3D seismic data to study sedimentary facies and reservoirs in a biogas-bearing area:A case study on the Pleistocene Qigequan Formation in Taidong area,Sanhu Depression,Qaidam Basin,NW China

作　　者：徐兆辉[1,2,3] 李江涛 李剑[1] 陈琰 杨少勇[2,3] 王永生[2,3] 邵泽宇 XU Zhaohui;LI Jiangtao;LI Jian;CHEN Yan;YANG Shaoyong;WANG Yongsheng;SHAO Zeyu(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China;PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company,Dunhuang 736202,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Plateau Saline-Lacustrine Basinal Oil&Gas Geology,Dunhuang 736202,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中国石油青海油田公司,甘肃敦煌736202 [3]青海省高原咸化湖盆油气地质重点实验室,甘肃敦煌736202

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2024年第3期565-577,共13页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：中国石油项目“柴达木盆地2022年风险勘探领域综合地质研究”、“柴达木盆地新区新类型风险领域研究和目标优选”(2022-N/G-47808、2023-N/G-67014);中国石油勘探开发研究院国际合作项目“海相碳酸盐岩地震沉积学综合研究技术及其在塔里木盆地的应用”(19HTY5000008)。

摘　　要：为解决疏松岩性含气区沉积相恢复及储层预测难题,基于中国首例九分量横波三维地震资料的地震沉积学分析,应用地震地貌学和地震岩性学建立四级等时地层格架,研究柴达木盆地台东地区更新统七个泉组沉积相和储层特征。研究方法和思路:首先,利用九分量横波地震相位旋转、分频融合和地层切片技术,在卫星影像揭示沉积模式的基础上恢复主要标准层沉积相;然后,利用地震属性提取、主因子分析和随机拟合技术计算重点砂体的储层厚度和物性参数,经盲测井检验效果较好。研究结果表明:研究区七个泉组的优势沉积相为三角洲前缘和浅湖,三原色融合切片揭示发育2个旋回,同期存在3套水下分流河道体系;其中七个泉组中下部分流河道砂体厚度大、分布广、物性最好,是研究区有利储层,其渗透率还受成岩作用影响;分流河道砂体储层向涩北一号气田以西延伸范围较广,为该区勘探向西侧外围区扩展提供了依据。To solve the problems in restoring sedimentary facies and predicting reservoirs in loose gas-bearing sediment,based on seismic sedimentologic analysis of China’s first 9-component S-wave 3D seismic dataset,a fourth-order isochronous stratigraphic framework was set up and then sedimentary facies and reservoirs in the Pleistocene Qigequan Formation in Taidong area of Qaidam Basin were studied by seismic geomorphology and seismic lithology.The study method and thought are as following.Firstly,techniques of phase rotation,frequency decomposition and fusion,and stratal slicing were applied to the 9-component S-wave seismic data to restore sedimentary facies of major marker beds based on sedimentary models reflected by satellite images.Then,techniques of seismic attribute extraction,principal component analysis,and random fitting were applied to calculate the reservoir thickness and physical parameters of a key sandbody,and the results are satisfactory and confirmed by blind testing wells.Study results reveal that the dominant sedimentary facies in the Qigequan Formation within the study area are delta front and shallow lake.The RGB fused slices indicate that there are two cycles with three sets of underwater distributary channel systems in one period.Among them,sandstones in the distributary channels of middle-low Qigequan Formation are thick and broad with superior physical properties,which are favorable reservoirs.The reservoir permeability is also affected by diagenesis.Distributary channel sandstone reservoirs extend further to the west of Sebei-1 gas field,which provides a basis to expand exploration to the western peripheral area.

关 键 词：九分量横波三维地震 地震沉积学 生物气 沉积相 储层 柴达木盆地 三湖坳陷 更新统七个泉组 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]