页岩水平井多簇喷砂射孔暂堵转向压裂裂缝扩展规律  

Fracture propagation law of temporary plugging and diversion fracturing in shale reservoirs under completion experiments of horizontal well with multi-cluster sand jetting perforation

作　　者：邹雨时 李彦超 杨灿 张士诚[1] 马新仿 邹龙庆 ZOU Yushi;LI Yanchao;YANG Can;ZHANG Shicheng;MA Xinfang;ZOU Longqing(State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;Shale Gas E&D Project Department,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610052,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司页岩气勘探开发项目经理部,成都610052

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2024年第3期624-634,共11页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51974332)。

摘　　要：采用真三轴压裂模拟系统开展了页岩水平井多簇喷砂射孔暂堵转向压裂模拟实验,研究了暂堵剂粒径、暂堵剂浓度、单簇射孔数和簇数对封堵提压、多裂缝转向规律及暂堵剂分布的影响。结果表明:缝内小粒径组合+段内大粒径组合暂堵剂有利于提高封堵压力并促进裂缝多期性转向,添加纤维的组合可快速憋压至超高,但易产生沿着井筒扩展的纵向缝;暂堵峰值压力随暂堵剂浓度的增加而提升,但暂堵剂浓度达到一定值后,进一步增加暂堵剂浓度并不能显著提高暂堵峰值压力;岩样破裂压力和暂堵峰值压力随单簇射孔数增加呈下降趋势,较少的单簇射孔数有利于提高破裂压力及暂堵峰值压力,对多簇裂缝扩展的控制作用更显著;较少的簇数不利于人工裂缝总数及复杂程度的提升,较多的簇数难以实现有效封堵。缝内暂堵时暂堵剂主要分布在复杂裂缝区域,特别是多裂缝相交处,而段内暂堵时暂堵剂优先分布于形成复杂缝的射孔簇孔眼附近。This study conducted temporary plugging and diversion fracturing(TPDF)experiments using a true triaxial fracturing simulation system within a laboratory setting that replicated a lab-based horizontal well completion with multi-cluster sand jetting perforation.The effects of temporary plugging agent(TPA)particle size,TPA concentration,single-cluster perforation number and cluster number on plugging pressure,multi-fracture diversion pattern and distribution of TPAs were investigated.A combination of TPAs with small particle sizes within the fracture and large particle sizes within the segment is conducive to increasing the plugging pressure and promoting the diversion of multi-fractures.The addition of fibers can quickly achieve ultra-high pressure,but it may lead to longitudinal fractures extending along the wellbore.The temporary plugging peak pressure increases with an increase in the concentration of the TPA,reaching a peak at a certain concentration,and further increases do not significantly improve the temporary plugging peak pressure.The breaking pressure and temporary plugging peak pressure show a decreasing trend with an increase in single-cluster perforation number.A lower number of single-cluster perforations is beneficial for increasing the breaking pressure and temporary plugging peak pressure,and it has a more significant control on the propagation of multi-cluster fractures.A lower number of clusters is not conducive to increasing the total number and complexity of artificial fractures,while a higher number of clusters makes it difficult to achieve effective plugging.The TPAs within the fracture is mainly concentrated in the complex fracture areas,especially at the intersections of fractures.Meanwhile,the TPAs within the segment is primarily distributed near the perforation cluster apertures which initiated complex fractures.

关 键 词：页岩 暂堵转向压裂 多簇喷砂射孔 暂堵剂分布 裂缝扩展规律 

分 类 号：TE352[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]