东北地区新民夏季雨滴谱特征  

Raindrop Size Distribution Characteristics of Summer Precipitation at Xinmin,Northeast China

作　　者：周任然 王改利[1] 高云义 Zhou Renran;Wang Gaili;Gao Yunyi(State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2024年第3期337-349,共13页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费(2023Z019);中国气象科学研究院科技发展基金(2023KJ041)。

摘　　要：以辽宁省新民气候基准站的降水现象仪观测数据为基础,研究我国东北地区新民夏季不同雨强及不同降雨类型的雨滴谱特征,并与其他地区进行对比。结果表明:新民雨强越大谱宽越宽,雨强大于20 mm·h^(-1)的雨滴谱谱宽接近8 mm,降雨以小雨滴为主,但中等雨滴对雨量的贡献最大。对流云降雨为典型的大陆型对流,以雨滴的直径较大而数浓度较低为特点,质量加权平均直径Dm的平均值为2.14 mm,标准化截距lgN_(w)的平均值为3.40。拟合的μ-Λ关系与其他地区采用PARSIVEL雨滴谱仪数据拟合的μ-Λ经验关系接近,而与采用二维视频雨滴谱仪(2DVD)数据拟合的μ-Λ关系差异较大。与华东、华北地区相比,东北地区新民D_(m)(lgN_(w))的平均值更大(小),拟合的对流云降雨Z-R关系的指数更大。Raindrop size distribution(DSD)is a basic characteristic for describing the microphysical process of rainfall.A better understanding of DSD and its variations is not only crucial for improving microphysical parameterization schemes in numerical weather forecasting models,but also important for radar quantitative precipitation estimation.It shows that DSD characteristics are not only related to geographical location,climate,terrain,and humidity,but also vary among different rainfall types and rain rate in the same region.At present,there are still some uncertainties and limitations in the understanding of microphysical characteristics of rainfall in Northeast China,and the microphysical parameterization scheme still lacks accurate description of rainfall microphysical process.Based on observations of the precipitation phenomenon instrument at Xinmin of Liaoning Province in summer,DSD characteristics of different rainfall rate classes are investigated and compared with those of other regions in China.Spectral width of DSD increases with an increase in rain rate(R).The spectral width of raindrops is close to 8 mm when R>20 mm·h^(-1).Small drops are predominant in rainfall of Xinmin,but moderate drops make the most significant contribution to total rainfall.Observed DSD samples are also categorized into convective and stratiform rainfall types.The convective rainfall at Xinmin has large raindrop size and low raindrop concentration.Convective rainfall can be identified as continental clusters,with average D_(m)and lgN_(w)of 2.14 mm and 3.40,while average D_(m)and lgN_(w)of stratiform rainfall at Xinmin are 1.23 mm and 3.30,respectively.Theμ-Λand Z-R relationships for convective and stratiform rainfall at Xinmin are thus fitted.Fittedμ-Λrelationship at Xinmin is similar to that in other regions fitted with data observed by PARSIVEL disdrometers,but different from the empirical relationship fitted from two-dimensional video raindrop spectrometers(2DVD)observations in other regions,and the difference of instruments

关 键 词：东北地区 雨滴谱分布 大陆型对流 经验公式 微物理特征 

分 类 号：P426.62[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]