高频超声检查在小儿先天性巨趾(指)神经受累评估中的应用  

Application of high frequency ultrasound in the evaluation of megadactyly nerve involvement in children

作　　者：王雯莹 杜林蔓 彭利 王竞宇 王荞[2] WANG Wenying;DU Linman;PENG Li;WANG Jingyu;WANG Qiao(Department of Ultrasound imaging,West China Longquan Hospital,Sichuan University(The First People's Hospital of Longquanyi District),Chengdu 610100,China;Department of Ultrasound,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Dis-orders,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics,Chongqing 400014,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院龙泉医院(成都市龙泉驿区第一人民医院)超声影像科,四川成都610100 [2]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院超声科、儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室、儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地、儿科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆400014

出　　处：《医学影像学杂志》2024年第4期112-115,共4页Journal of Medical Imaging

摘　　要：目的 探讨高频超声检查在小儿先天性巨趾(指)术前诊断及神经受累评估中的应用价值。方法 选取8例经手术及病理证实先天性巨趾(指)畸形患儿临床及超声检查资料,与病理结果进行对比分析,总结小儿先天性巨趾(指)声像图特点及神经受累情况。结果 先天性巨趾5例(右:左=3:2),先天性巨指3例(右:左=1:2)。共15趾、6指,趾别发病率:第2趾>第3趾>第4趾>拇趾=第5趾;指别发病率:拇指=示指>中指=小指。超声表现为患趾/指皮下软组织不同程度增厚,受累神经均增粗、回声增强,受累段神经束膜模糊。结论 高频超声检查软组织分辨率高,能清楚显示四肢甚至末端的皮肤、皮下软组织及神经。术前行高频超声检查可为临床提供神经受累范围,提高手术效果、避免二次手术,具有重要的临床价值。Objective To investigate the application value of high frequency ultrasonography in preoperative diagnosis and evaluation of nerve involvement in children with megadactyly.Methods The clinical and ultrasonic examination data of 8 children with congenital megadactyly/finger deformity confirmed by surgery and pathology were collected and compared with the pathological results to summarize the sonographic characteristics and nerve involvement of children with congenital megadactyly/finger deformity.Results There were 5 cases of congenital megadactyly(right:left=3:2),and 3 cases of congenital megadactyly(right:left=1:2).There were 15 toes and 6 fingers in total,and the toe specific incidence rate was as follows:the second toe>the third toe>the fourth toe>the big toe=the fifth toe;Finger incidence rate was as follows:thumb=index finger>middle finger=little finger.Ultrasound showed that the subcutaneous soft tissue of the affected toe/finger was thickened to varying degrees,the affected nerves were thickened,the echo was enhanced,and the nerve fascicular membrane of the affected segment was blurred.ConclusionHigh frequency ultrasound has high resolution in soft tissue,and can clearly show the skin,subcutaneous soft tissue and nerves of limbs and even the ends.Preoperative high-frequency ultrasound examination can provide the clinical range of nerve involvement,improve the surgical effect and avoid secondary surgery,which has important clinical value.

关 键 词：先天性巨趾(指) 高频超声检查 小儿 神经 

分 类 号：R682.1[医药卫生—骨科学] R445.1[医药卫生—外科学]