盐城自然保护区盐沼植被分布动态监测及驱动力分析  

Dynamic monitoring and driving force analysis of salt marsh vegetation distribution in Yancheng Nature Reserve

作　　者：罗锋 代建成[1] 陈治澎 周光淮 曾靖伟 张弛 LUO Feng;DAI Jiancheng;CHEN Zhipeng;ZHOU Guanghuai;ZENG Jingwei;ZHANG Chi(College of Harbor,Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Nantong Ocean and Coastal Engineering Research Institute,Hohai University,Nantong 226000,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal Disaster and Protection,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,江苏南京210098 [2]南通河海大学海洋与近海工程研究院,江苏南通226000 [3]河海大学海岸灾害及防护教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《河海大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期88-95,共8页Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：江苏省海洋科技创新项目(JSZRHYKJ202303,JSZRHYKJ202105);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3106100);南通社会民生科技计划项目(MS12022009,MS22022082,MS22022083)。

摘　　要：为探究江苏盐城湿地珍禽国家级自然保护区盐沼植被时空演变规律,采用物候特征合成方法反演了1984—2021年保护区核心区4种盐沼植被(互花米草、芦苇、碱蓬和茅草)面积,分析其时空演变规律和驱动机制。结果表明:核心区盐沼植被总面积从11113.2 hm^(2)增长至16528.14 hm^(2),年均复合增长率为1.11%,主要得益于互花米草的保滩促淤能力;互花米草和芦苇通过占领大量碱蓬滩、茅草滩和光滩,面积分别增加了4968.62 hm^(2)和8806.95 hm^(2),年均复合增长率分别为26.67%和6.88%;受生态位竞争等自然因素和水产养殖基地等人工干扰的叠加影响,碱蓬和茅草面积分别减少了3494.25 hm^(2)和4867.38 hm^(2),年均复合增长率分别为-3.14%和-8.11%,适宜生境破碎化严重。To investigate the spatial and temporal evolution of salt marsh vegetation in Jiangsu Yancheng Wetland Rare Bird National Nature Reserve,a phenological feature composite method was used to invert the area of four types of salt marsh vegetation(Spartina alterniflora,Phragmites australis,Suaeda salsa and Imperata cylindrica)in the core area of the Reserve from 1984-2021,and to analyze its spatial and temporal evolution and driving mechanism.The results showed that the total area of salt marsh vegetation in the core area increased from 11113.2 hm^(2) to 16528.14 hm^(2),with a compound annual growth rate of 1.11%,mainly due to the ability of Spartina alterniflora to preserve the beach and promote siltation.Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis,by occupying a large number of Suaeda salsa beach,Phragmites australis beach and light beach,the area increased by 4968.62 hm^(2) and 8806.95 hm^(2),with compound annual growth rates of 26.67% and 6.88%,respectively.The areas of Suaeda salsa and Imperata cylindrica decreased by 3494.25 hm^(2) and 4867.38 hm^(2) respectively by the superimposed effects of natural factors such as ecological niche competition and artificial disturbances such as aquaculture bases,with a compound annual growth rate of -3.14% and -8.11%,resulting in the severe fragmentation of the suitable habitats.

关 键 词：盐沼植被 物侯分析 时空变化 动态监测 遥感 盐城自然保护区 

分 类 号：P748[天文地球—海洋科学] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]