窑头余热锅炉超温原因分析及安全对策  

Reasons for Overheating of Cooler Waste Heat Boiler and Safety Measures

作　　者：潘磊 PAN Lei(Tangshan Jidong Cement Sanyou Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan Hebei 063101,China)

机构地区：[1]唐山冀东水泥三友有限公司,河北唐山063101

出　　处：《水泥技术》2024年第3期53-57,共5页Cement Technology

摘　　要：分析了余热锅炉超温存在的炉内压力增大易爆炸,金属部件形变易坍塌,承压部件承压能力下降易爆管或泄露等问题。以篦冷机为对象,列出了热量收支平衡方程,分析了余热锅炉超温的原因;提出了增加篦冷机高温段鼓风量,增加二、三次风风量,合理控制篦冷机篦速,合理选用和维护余热锅炉耐火隔热材料、升级承压部件材质、增设废气管路和蒸汽管路减温装置,定期进行钢材部件金相和无损检验等安全对策。为从源头上避免余热锅炉超温,应合理调控烧成工艺、合理配置水泥窑窑头窑尾用风、稳定烧成系统工况,确保余热锅炉在安全工况下稳定运行,延长余热锅炉使用寿命。This article analyzes the problems of overheating in waste heat boilers,such as Increased boiler pressure can easily cause explosions,deformation of metal components may lead to collapse accidents,the decrease in pressure bearing capacity of pressure bearing components can easily cause problems such as pipe bursts or leaks.Taking the grate cooler as the object,the equation for thermal equilibrium was listed,and the reasons for the overheating of the waste heat boiler were analyzed;It is proposed to increase the air volume of the high-temperature section of the grate cooler,increase the air volume of the second and third air,reasonably control the grate speed of the grate cooler,reasonably select and maintain the refractory and insulation materials of the waste heat boiler,upgrade the materials of pressure bearing components,add waste gas pipelines and steam pipeline temperature reducing devices,and regularly conduct metallographic and non-destructive inspections of steel components and other safety measures.To avoid overheating of the waste heat boiler from the source,it is necessary to reasonably regulate the firing process,configure the air supply at the head and tail of the cement kiln,stabilize the firing system working conditions,ensure stable operation of the waste heat boiler under safe working conditions,and extend its service life.

关 键 词：余热锅炉 超温运行 热平衡 物理爆炸 安全对策 

分 类 号：TQ172.625.9[化学工程—水泥工业]