松材线虫病防控注干药剂研究进展  

Research Progress on Trunk Injection Pesticides for the Prevention and Control of Pine Wilt Disease

作　　者：殷涛 王义勋[2] 方海良 李金英[2] 查玉平[2] 徐小文 Yin Tao;Wang Yixun;Fang Hailiang;Li Jinying;Zha Yuping;Xu Xiaowen(Hubei Forestry Pest Control and Quarantine Station,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China;Hubei Academy of Forestry,Wuhan 430075,China;Forestry Bureau of Dawu County,Dawu 432800,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省林业有害生物防治检疫总站,湖北武汉430079 [2]湖北省林业科学研究院,湖北武汉430075 [3]湖北省大悟县林业局,湖北大悟432800

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第5期97-101,107,共6页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(编号:鄂[2023]TG34号)。

摘　　要：注干施药技术是松材线虫病的重要防控手段,其具有扩散快、效果持久和对环境友好等优点。为了解松材线虫病注干药剂的研究进展,探讨了该项技术的发展方向,对常用松材线虫病注干剂阿维菌素、甲维盐、啶虫脒、氟吡菌酰胺和苦参碱的作用机理和林间防治效果研究进展进行了综述,阿维菌素、甲维盐和啶虫脒主要通过干扰线虫的神经系统导致虫体死亡,氟吡菌酰胺通过抑制线虫的线粒体呼吸引致虫体死亡,而苦参碱的杀线活性强弱取决于其分子结构中官能团对和官能团的类型控制;林间试验结果表明上述药剂都对松材线虫病有较好的效果且药效持久。在对松材线虫病注干施药技术的发展进程及现状综合分析后提出了:①通过研究改良药剂的理化性质、剂型、药剂成分配比或施药方法等增加注干药剂的吸收和传导效率有助于提高药效;②通过研发机械化程度高的打孔注药器械和工具,改进注射方法等降低使用成本有助于该技术的推广应用。The trunk injection technique is an important means of control for pine wilt disease,which has the advantages of rapid diffusion,long-lasting effect and environmental friendliness.In order to understand the research progress on trunk injection pesticides for pine wilt disease and to discuss the development direction of this technology,this paper summarizes the research progress on the mechanism of action and forest control effects of the commonly used liquid-formulated trunk-injected pesticides for pine wilt disease,abamectin,mevinphos,acetamiprid,flumioxazin and picloram.Abamectin,mevinphos and acetamiprid mainly caused death of the Bursaphelenchus xylophilus by interfering with the neural system of the nematode.Flupyridamid caused death of the Bursaphelenchus xylophilus by inhibiting its mitochondrial respiration,and the strength of the nematicidal activity of picloram depended on the control of the pairs of functional groups in the molecular structure and the type of the functional groups.The results of forest control experiments showed that all the above trunk-injected pesticides were effective and long-lasting against pine wilt disease.In this paper,after a comprehensive analysis of the development process and current situation of the trunk injection application technology for pine wilt disease,it is proposed that:①improving the physicochemical properties,dosage form,composition ratio or application method of the drug to increase the absorption and conduction efficiency of the injection dry drug is helpful to improve the drug effect.②through the research and development of high degree of mechanization of the perforation injection instruments and tools,improving injection methods and reducing the cost of use are conducive to the popularization and application of this technology.

关 键 词：松材线虫病 注干施药 病害防控 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]