开远市石漠化地区植被演替过程及综合治理对策  

Vegetation Succession Process and Comprehensive Management Suggestions in Rocky Desertification Areas of Kaiyuan City

作　　者：李华 Li Hua(Kaiyuan Baituqiang State-owned Forest Farm,Kaiyuan 661699,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]开远市白土墙国有林场,云南开远661699

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第6期50-53,65,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：分析了开远市石漠化地区植被演替过程,结合调查结果确定综合治理措施。于开远市石漠化区域选取3个样地,设定为Z1(轻度石漠化)、Z2(中度石漠化)和Z3(重度石漠化),对不同样地的植被群落进行调查。结果表明:Z1样地调查30株乔木,主要物种滇青冈、清香木、云南木樨榄、小漆树、牛筋条,滇青冈重要值最高是1.29。乔木种类在各径级均有分布,以小径级植被为主,原生林群落结构比较协调,处于稳定生长阶段。Z2样地调查25株乔木,由高原黄檀、昆明榆、黄连木、多脉猫乳组成,缺少Z1样地常见的滇青冈、清香木。Z2样地大中径级优势种不明显,小径级占比过大,群落结构相对单一。Z3调查3株乔木,无灌草丛,仅有云南松、苦刺,群落物种和群落结构单一,各径级植被缺失,石漠化程度高,植被退化明显。指出了开远市轻度石漠化区域原生性植被群落表现复杂,抗旱和抗灾害能力强,中重度石漠化区域植被结构相对单一,退化情况较为严重,针对不同类型的石漠化区域,需要进行植被恢复,可通过开展人工造林、建设护林队伍、发展循环生态经济等方法,实践中要突出重点,多管齐下治理,落实各项治理内容。This paper analyzes the vegetation succession process in rocky desertification area of Kaiyuan City,and determines the comprehensive treatment measures based on the investigation results.Three samples were selected as Z1(mild rocky desertification),Z2(moderate rocky desertification)and Z3(severe rocky desertification)in the rocky desertification area of Kaiyuan City,and the vegetation communities in different areas were investigated.In Z1 plot,30 trees were investigated.The main species of Cyclobalanopsisyunnanensis,PistaciaweinmannifoliaJ.Poissonex Franch.,Olea yuennanensis,Toxicodendron delavayi,and Dichotomanthes tristaniicarpa Kurz.The highest important value of CyclobalanopsisYunnanensiswas 1.29.The tree species are distributed in all diameter classes,mainly in small scale vegetation,and the community structure of primary forest is relatively coordinated,and it is in a stable growth stage.A total of 25 trees were investigated in Z2 sample,which were composed of Dal-bergiayunnanensisFranch.,Ulmus kunmingensisCheng,PistaciachinensisBungeand Rhamnellamartinii(Levl.)Schneid.In the Z2 plot,the dominant species were not obvious in medium diameter class.The proportion of small diameter class was too large,and the community structure was relatively simple.Z3 investigated 3 trees;there was no shrub,only Pinusyunnanensisand Solanumdeflexicarpum.The community species and community structure were single;vegetation of each diameter class was missing;the degree of stony desertification was high,and vege-tation degradation was obvious.In the mild rocky desertification area of Kaiyuan City,the original vegetation community is complex,with strong drought and disaster resistance.In the medium and severe rocky desertification area,the vegetation structure is relatively simple,and the degradation is more serious.For different types of rocky desertification areas,targeted vegetation restoration should be carried out through artificial forestation,construc-tion of forest protection team,and development of circular ecological econ

关 键 词：石漠化区域 植被演替 综合治理 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学]