经典作家未来社会发展阶段理论及其中国化时代化——以《哥达纲领批判》《国家与革命》为中心  

The theory of future social development stages of classic writers and its sinicization and modernization:centered on Critique of the Gotha Program and State and Revolution

作　　者：张喜英 ZHANG Xiying(School of Marxism,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学马克思主义学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南工程学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期1-6,13,共7页Journal of Henan University of Engineering(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21BZX034)。

摘　　要：在《哥达纲领批判》中,马克思对资本主义后的未来社会进行了展望,首次提出从资本主义社会并不能直接达到成熟共产主义社会,要经过“过渡时期”,再从共产主义“第一阶段”到共产主义“高级阶段”。在《国家与革命》中,列宁将马克思的共产主义“第一阶段”称为“社会主义社会”,使社会主义社会成为一个独立的发展阶段,是对马克思未来社会发展阶段理论的发展。我国“社会主义初级阶段”的理论与实践,深化了对社会主义社会长期性的认识,是对经典作家未来社会发展阶段理论的进一步发展。“中国特色社会主义”是对跨越“卡夫丁峡谷”而来的经济文化落后国家的社会主义如何建设的探索,是经过积极主动的社会主义建设、从社会主义“初级阶段”走向社会主义“高级阶段”以至共产主义的实践范本。中国特色社会主义理论与实践是对经典作家未来社会发展阶段理论的坚持与创新,对于明确中国社会发展前景、坚定共产主义信念意义重大。In Critique of the Gotha Program,Marx envisioned a post-capitalist future society,proposing for the first time that a mature communist society could not be reached directly from a capitalist society,but rather that it would have to go through a"transitional period"before moving from the"first stage"of communism to its"advanced stage".In State and Revolution,Lenin referred to the"first stage"of Marxist communism as"socialist society",making socialist society an independent stage of development,which is the development of Marx's theory of future social development stages.The theory and practice of the primary stage of socialism in our country has deepened our understanding of the long-term nature of socialist society and further developed the theory of the future social development stage of classic writers."Socialism with Chinese characteristics"is an exploration of how to build socialism in economically and culturally backward countries that have crossed the"Caudine Forks".It is a practical model that has undergone active socialist construction,transitioning from the"primary stage"of socialism to its"advanced stage"and even to communism.The theory and practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the persistence and innovation of the theory of the future social development stages of classic writers,which is of great significance in clarifying the prospects of China's social development and strengthening the belief in communism.

关 键 词：未来社会发展阶段理论 《哥达纲领批判》 《国家与革命》 共产主义 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]