数据要素与全球价值链重构——基于全球经济再平衡的视角  

Data Elements and Global Value Chain Reconstruction——From Rebalancing of the Global Economy

作　　者：贺娅萍 He Yaping(School of Economics,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学经济学院,河南开封475004

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2024年第5期130-139,共10页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“世界经济的重大结构性矛盾及其深刻影响研究”(17ZDA096);河南省软科学研究计划项目“数字赋能临空经济全球价值链攀升的机制与效应测度分析-以郑州航空港为例”(232400411092)。

摘　　要：复杂多变的国际经济、政治和安全形势打破了传统的国际循环,大规模科技创新活动驱动全球价值链发生解构与重塑。经济增长的理论逻辑从新古典经济增长理论的“资本-劳动-技术”范式向高质量发展要求的“复合要素”范式转变,其中具有显著溢出效应的数据成为关键要素,推动全球价值链重构走向。文章通过构建嵌入数据要素的广义生产函数分析数据新要素的全球价值链重构效应,并将全球经济失衡下国际资本流动的规模变化效应和人力资本溢出效应引入全球价值链重构计量模型,考察数据生产要素对不同类型国家、不同制造业行业影响效应的异质性,探究数据要素推动国际分工格局演变的内在机制。实证检验结果发现,世界经济失衡倒逼了全球价值链体系发生重构,数据要素赋能实体经济数字化转型和新优势构建,加速了全球价值链体系调整步伐,并且数据要素的全球价值链重构效应表现出国家和行业异质性特征。The traditional international circulation has been broken by the current complicated and vulnerable international economic,political and security situation,and large-scale scientific and technological innovation activities have promoted the deconstruction and reconstruction of global value chain.The theoretical logic of economic growth has been transformed from the“capital-labor-technology”paradigm of neoclassical economic growth theory to the“composite factor”paradigm of high-quality development,in which the data with significant spillover effect has become the key elements and deeply affects the process of global value chain reconstruction.This paper analyzes the effect of data elements on value chain reconstruction by establishing the generalized production function embedded with digital elements,and introduces the scale effect of capital flow and technology spillover effect under the global economic imbalance into the value chain reconstruction measurement model,also examines the heterogeneity of data effects on different types of countries and different manufacturing industries,so as to explore the internal mechanism of data factors to promote the evolution of international division of labor.The empirical results show that,the global economic imbalance drives the restructuring of the global value chain system,and data factors enable the digital transformation of the real economy to form new advantages which accelerates the process of global value chain reconstruction,furthermore,the effect shows heterogeneity of countries and industries.

关 键 词：数据要素 价值链重构 全球经济失衡 驱动机制 

分 类 号：F746[经济管理—国际贸易]