灾害治理组织网络的演化机理:一个“结构-过程-价值”整合性分析框架  

The Evolution Mechanism of Disaster Governance Organizational Networks:An Integrated“Structure,Process,and Value”Analysis Framework

作　　者：郑石明 宋悦 ZHENG Shi-ming;SONG Yue

机构地区：[1]暨南大学公共管理学院,广东广州510632

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期100-113,共14页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“凤凰何以涅槃?公共部门危机学习行动过程、影响机理及优化策略研究”(72004079);暨南大学博士研究生拔尖创新人才培养项目“‘变’或‘不变’:灾害如何影响地方政府政策变化?”(2023CXB005)。

摘　　要：解构灾害全过程治理组织网络特征及规律,揭示其在历时性演进中的变化特征,可为组织网络结构与过程的演变提供理论支撑。本文以河南郑州“7·20”特大暴雨灾害为例,构建灾害全过程治理组织网络,运用社会网络分析方法,刻画灾前、灾中和灾后不同阶段的组织网络形态,从整体上分析网络结构演变、核心-边缘区域变化特征,探究网络中核心、边缘区域的组织变化。研究发现,灾前、灾中和灾后各阶段组织网络结构变化遵循了“紧密耦合型-松散集中型-多核心结构型”的演变过程;随着灾害治理网络不同阶段的演化,组织网络的收缩性特征凸显,处于边缘区域的组织逐步退出组织网络;在“核心-边缘”结构上,灾前、灾中和灾后网络中组织的进入和退出具有较大差异,对于实际响应过程涌现的组织,随着情境的变化很难持续发挥作用。文章提出“结构-过程-价值”整合性分析框架,解释组织主体权力关系与网络结构,环境变化与核心边缘特征,并对价值进行回应,为组织网络演变的理论解释提供参考与借鉴。Deconstructing the characteristics and laws of organizational networks in the whole process of disaster governance,revealing their features of change during diachronic evolution can offer theoretical support for the evolution of organizational network structures.This paper takes the Zhengzhou,Henan Torrential Rain-caused Disaster on July 20 as a case study,constructs an organizational network for the entire process of disaster governance,employs social network analysis methods to delineate the organizational network configurations in different developmental stages before,during,and after the disaster.It also investigates the overall evolution of network structure,changes in core-periphery areas,and explores the organizational changes within the network’s core and peripheral regions.The study reveals that the structural changes in the organizational network in the pre-disaster,during-disaster,and post-disaster phases follow an evolutionary pattern of“tightly coupled-loosely centralized-multi-core structure”.As the disaster governance network evolves through different stages,the contraction characteristics of the organizational relationship network become prominent,leading to a gradual withdrawal of organizations from peripheral areas.Within the“coreperiphery”structure,there are significant variations in the entry and exit of organizations in the pre-disaster,during-disaster,and post-disaster networks.Organizations that emerge during the actual response phase face considerable challenges in maintaining their effectiveness as the situational context evolves.The paper introduces a“structure-process-value”framework for disaster governance,aimed at explaining the power dynamics among organizational entities,network structural characteristics,responses to environmental changes,and the attributes of core and peripheral entities concerning value.This framework serves as a reference and source of inspiration for theoretical explanations of organizational network evolution.

关 键 词：组织网络 社会网络分析 核心-边缘结构 结构-过程-价值 

分 类 号：D035.29[政治法律—政治学]