认知发展视角下学龄前儿童信息查询能力系统综述与循证实践建议  

Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Practice Strategies ofPreschool Children's Information Search Abilities from a CognitiveDevelopmental Perspective

作　　者：朱军华[1] 何东凝 王翩然 Zhu Junhua;He Dongning;Wang Pianran

机构地区：[1]萧山图书馆,浙江杭州311202 [2]宁波图书馆,浙江宁波315100 [3]北京大学信息管理系,北京100871

出　　处：《图书馆工作与研究》2024年第5期32-44,共13页Library Work and Study

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“数智时代3—12岁儿童信息素养整体性构建与图书馆培育机制研究”(项目编号:23BTQ017)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：文章运用系统综述方法筛选出20篇文献并应用循证图书馆信息实践(EBLIP)方法进行证据评级与整合,以探究学龄前儿童的信息查询能力及认知机制。研究发现:学龄前儿童具有明确的信息需求,并能够将需求转化为提问;注意力与记忆水平显著影响学龄前儿童信息查询行为;学龄前儿童对概念具有初步的理解与分类能力,并能与信息查询系统进行互动。据此提出基于学龄前儿童认知的信息查询系统开发建议,即以学龄前儿童易于理解的方式进行信息组织,提供视听线索作为学龄前儿童进行信息查询的提示,简化查询过程以匹配学龄前儿童的记忆能力;利用具象方式展示信息查询逻辑,设置3-4层的分类层级体系,并提供浏览式查询方案;提供检索式修改参考,具备对学龄前儿童错误拼写、自然语言查询的兼容性。This paper selects 20 pieces of literature and applying the evidence-based library information practice(EBLIP)method for evidence rating and integration,explores the information search ability and cognitive mechanisms of preschool children using a systematic review method.The research finds that preschool children have clear information needs and is able to transform these needs into questions;attention and memory significantly impact their searching behaviors;preschoolers have a preliminary understanding and categorization of concepts and can interact with information retrieval systems.Based on this,suggestions are proposed for the development of an information search system:organizing information in a way that children can understand,providing audiovisual cues as hints during information searches and simplifying the search process to match preschool children's memory capacities;using concrete methods to display the logic of information search,setting up a 3-4 layers classification hierarchical system,and providing browsing-search options;offering reference for retrieval modification and ensuring the compatible with children's misspellings and natural language search.

关 键 词：循证图书馆信息实践 EBLIP 学龄前儿童 信息查询 认知发展 系统综述 

分 类 号：G252.6[文化科学—图书馆学]