产业集群效应与企业数字化转型——基于广东省制造业集群的调研  

Industrial Clusters Effect and Enterprise Digital Transformation:A Report Based on Manufacturing Clusters in Guangdong Province

作　　者：毛艳华[1,2] 邱雪情 荣健欣 Mao Yanhua;Qiu Xueqing;Rong Jianxin

机构地区：[1]中山大学港澳珠江三角洲研究中心 [2]中山大学区域开放与合作研究院 [3]南京大学数字经济与管理学院,215161

出　　处：《南方经济》2024年第5期150-166,共17页South China Journal of Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代粤港澳大湾区协调发展机制体系研究”(18ZDA041);国家自然科学基金重点项目“构建服务‘一带一路’的粤港澳区域联动机制及发展研究”(U1601218);广东省政协2021年委托课题“广东省加快产业集群数字化转型推进先进制造业高质量发展”的资助。

摘　　要：产业集群数字化转型是实现中国制造业高质量发展的重要手段。文章基于广东省关于“加快产业集群数字化转型推进先进制造业高质量发展”的专题调研及问卷数据,检验了产业集群归属是否促进企业数字化转型和提升企业数字化转型成效,同时探究其作用机制,并考察了企业产业链供应链特征、企业规模与所有制以及企业技术特征等不同情境下产业集群效应的异质性。结果表明:产业集群有利于推进企业数字化转型进程并提高数字化转型成效,且集群内的企业主攻生产制造环节更能充分发挥效能。产业集群的效应在企业产业链供应链特征、企业规模与所有制以及企业技术特征三个方面体现出异质性,更有利于产业链供应链稳定性薄弱、中小民营和“专精特新”等企业破解数字化转型难题。机制分析表明,产业集群通过共享技术研发、培训服务、同源供应商和订单分配等途径推动数字化转型,反映出集群的知识溢出、资源共享和交易匹配等三大效益机制。该研究以一手调研数据拓展了现有文献中对产业集群与企业数字化转型的测度方法;以机制分析揭示产业集群影响企业数字化转型的机制和阶段差异,印证并深化产业集群理论。文章的研究结论为企业“不敢转、不想转、不会转”,推动中国制造业数字化转型实现高质量发展提供了重要启示和有效途径。The digital transformation of industrial clusters is an important means to realize the high-quality development of China′s manufacturing industry.Based on the special research and questionnaire data of Guangdong Province on accelerating the digital transformation of industrial clusters and promoting the high-quality development of advanced manufacturing,this paper tests whether the attribution of industrial clusters promotes the digital transformation of enterprises and improves the ef⁃fectiveness of enterprise digital transformation.This paper also tests the heterogeneity of the impact of industrial clusters attri⁃bution on the effectiveness of enterprise digital transformation,in terms of characteristics of enterprise industrial chain and supply chain,enterprise scale and ownership,and enterprise technology characteristics.The empirical results show that enter⁃prises belonging to twenty strategic industrial cluster in Guangdong Province would have higher incentive for digital transfor⁃mation,and would meet more productive in the process of digital transformation.Moreover,enterprises focusing on the manu⁃facturing process are more conducive to the transformation effect of the industrial cluster attribution.Furthermore,the hetero⁃geneity of industrial clusters effect is investigated from the characteristics of firm industrial chain and supply chain,firm scale and ownership,and enterprise technology characteristics.This research find that industrial clusters attribution significantly improve the effectiveness of digital transformation,especially for firms with weak stability of industrial chain and supply chain,small and median sized firms,private enterprises,and firms with specialized new technologies.This research also tests the main channels of industrial clusters attribution′s effect on the effectiveness of firms′digital transformation.We find that industrial clusters attribution significantly improve the effectiveness of digital transformation through sharing technology re⁃search and devel

关 键 词：产业集群 数字化转型 知识溢出 资源共享 交易匹配 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]