海水养殖尾水中NH_(4)^(+)-N去除技术的机理与工艺研究进展  

Research Advances in Mechanism and Process of NH_(4)^(+)-N Removal from Mariculture Tail Water

作　　者：赵伟华 王艳艳 苏少卿 邱浩杰 王凯[2] 张勇 ZHAO Weihua;WANG Yanyan;SU Shaoqing;QIU Haojie;WANG Kai;ZHANG Yong(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266033,China;School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan 250101,China;Guangxi Biqingyuan Environmental Protection Investment Co.,Ltd.,Wuzhou 543099,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东青岛266033 [2]山东建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,山东济南250101 [3]广西碧清源环保投资有限公司,广西梧州543099

出　　处：《水处理技术》2024年第5期1-5,共5页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金青年基金(ZR2020QE230);国家自然科学基金青年基金(52200063)。

摘　　要：总结了海水养殖尾水中NH_(4)^(+)-N的来源及特点,NH_(4)^(+)-N去除技术的机理与功能微生物、工艺应用及其微生物分布等,重点对海水养殖尾水中NH_(4)^(+)-N去除技术的机理与工艺应用进行了阐述。好氧氨氧化微生物主要包括氨氧化细菌(AOB)、氨氧化古菌(AOA)及全程硝化菌(comammox),厌氧氨氧化微生物主要包括厌氧氨氧化细菌(AnAOB)。基于好氧氨氧化微生物原理去除NH_(4)^(+)-N的主要工艺技术包括移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)、曝气生物滤池(BAF)、人工湿地和生态塘等;基于厌氧氨氧化菌处理海水养殖尾水的主要工艺技术有厌氧流化床、厌氧固定床等。指出工艺应用与微生物种群结构之间关系的研究不足。富集氨氧化微生物从而实现经济高效脱氮是未来工艺研究的重点方向。The source and characteristics of NH_(4)^(+)-N in mariculture tail water,the mechanism and functional microorganisms of NH_(4)^(+)-N removal,process application and microbial distribution were summarized,and the mechanism and process application of NH_(4)^(+)-N removal technology in mariculture tail water were emphatically described.Aerobic ammonia oxidizing microorganisms(AOMs) mainly include ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AOB),ammonia oxidizing archaea(AOA) and complete ammonia oxidizers(comamox),and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing microorganisms mainly include anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AnAOB).The main methods of NH_(4)^(+)-N removal based on the mechanism of aerobic AOMs include moving bed biofilm reactor(MBBR),biological aerated filter(BAF),constructed wetland and ecological pond,etc;The main processes for treating mariculture tail water based on anaerobic AOMs include anaerobic fluidized bed,anaerobic fixed bed,etc.There is insufficient research on the relationship between process application and microbial population structure.Enrichment of AOMs to achieve cost-effective nitrogen removal is the key direction of future research.

关 键 词：海水养殖尾水 NH_(4)^(+)-N去除 氨氧化微生物 生物膜法 生态处理 

分 类 号：TQ085.47[化学工程]