基于钻石模型的胶合板国际竞争力来源实证研究  

Empirical research on the sources of plywood international competitiveness based on diamond model

作　　者：田明华[1] 孟玲利 刘诚[1] 张奕琳 王富炜[1] 杜磊 TIAN Minghua;MENG Lingli;LIU Cheng;ZHANG Yilin;WANG Fuwei;DU Lei(School of Economics and Management,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;School of Economics and Management,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学经济管理学院,北京100083 [2]齐齐哈尔大学经济与管理学院,齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《林业经济》2024年第2期5-26,共22页Forestry Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“‘双循环’新格局下我国木质林产品高质量发展研究”(21BJY196)。

摘　　要：出口是中国胶合板产业发展的重要动力因素,但近年来中国胶合板出口竞争呈现不利态势,分析胶合板国际竞争力来源及其动态变化,有助于中国胶合板重构竞争优势。文章利用UNComtrade、WDI数据库等相关数据,以国际市场占有率表征的实际国际竞争力为导向,以波特钻石模型的国际竞争力来源要素为指导选择代表性指标,运用多元线性回归模型实证研究胶合板国际竞争力的实际来源。结果显示:(1)劳动力、资源、资本等3个传统生产要素是胶合板国际竞争力的主要来源,影响程度分别为0.81、0.42、0.20;相关支持性产业水平也发挥着重要作用,影响程度为0.12;受刨花板、中密度纤维板替代和环保需求增强等影响,胶合板面临需求困境,需求的影响程度为-0.36;技术要素与企业战略、结构和同业竞争因素影响不显著。(2)异质性分析表明,随着时间变迁,胶合板国际竞争力对丰富劳动力的依赖程度降低,劳动力成本影响显化,资源禀赋作用上升,资本要素作用增强,工业基础水平作用显现,胶合板呈现从劳动密集型转向资本技术密集型的趋势。文章构建了国际竞争力来源的实证研究逻辑,提供了国际竞争力来源研究的时间和空间视角,弥补了胶合板国际竞争力来源计量经济研究的不足。结合中国胶合板产业实际,提出重组资本与劳动要素、夯实资源基础、改善需求条件、发挥相关支持性产业作用、促进高水平竞争等政策启示,重构中国胶合板竞争优势,再塑中国胶合板国际竞争力。Export is an important driving factor for the development of China's plywood industry,but in recent years,the export competition of China's plywood has shown an unfavorable trend.Analyzing the sources and dynamic changes of plywood international competitiveness can help China's plywood reconstruct its competitive advantage.Based on relevant data from UN Comtrade,WDI database and so on,directed by the actual international competitiveness represented by international market share,and guided by the international competitiveness source elements of Porter's diamond model to select representative indicators,the multiple linear regression model was used to empirically study the actual international competitiveness sources of plywood.The results showed that:(1)Three traditional production factors such as labor,resources and capital,were the main sources of international competitiveness for plywood,their impact levels were 0.81,0.42 and 0.20,respectively.The level of related supporting industries also played an important role,its impact level was 0.12.Due to the substitution of particleboard or medium density fiberboard and the increasing demand for environmental protection,plywood was facing a demand dilemma,the impact level on demand was -0.36.The impacts of technological elements,corportate strategy and structure,and industry competition factors were not significant.(2)The heterogeneity analysis indicated that,with the passage of time,the dependence of plywood international competitiveness on abundant labor had decreased,the impact of labor costs had become apparent,the role of resource endowment had increased,the function of capital factors had strengthened,and the worth of industrial infrastructure had emerged,the plywood industry had shown a trend from labor-intensive to capital and technology intensive.This article constructed an empirical research logic on the sources of international competitiveness,provided a temporal and spatial perspective on the sources of international competitiveness,and filled the gap in e

关 键 词：胶合板 国际竞争力 国际市场占有率 钻石模型 国际竞争力来源 

分 类 号：F426.8[经济管理—产业经济]