大电流密度下高性能析氢电催化剂研究进展  

Research progress on high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalysts under high current density

作　　者：张奇[1] 郑东前[1] 刘馨璐[1] 杨勇[1] 梁欣 董珊珊 ZHANG Qi;ZHENG Dongqian;LIU Xinlu;YANG Yong;LIANG Xin;DONG Shanshan(SINOPEC Marketing Research Institute of Applied Technology,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化销售股份有限公司应用技术研究院,天津300384

出　　处：《低碳化学与化工》2024年第5期96-104,共9页Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

摘　　要：H_(2)作为一种清洁能源,被认为是缓解能源危机和减少环境污染最有前景的替代能源之一。利用可再生能源电解水制氢是生产绿氢的重要方法,但是工业电解水制氢大多存在运行电流密度低、能耗高等难题。提高电流密度是提高产氢速率最直接的方式,但是在未对电催化剂进行优化的情况下,提高电流密度会造成电耗的增加,因此亟需开发出在大电流密度下低过电位的高性能析氢反应(以下简称“HER”)电催化剂。首先介绍了在酸性和碱性介质中的HER反应机理:Volmer-Heyrovsky和Volmer-Tafel,提出了在大电流密度下高性能HER电催化剂需满足的要求;然后从单原子催化剂、合金催化剂和异质结构催化剂等角度出发,阐述了近年来国内外贵金属、非贵金属HER电催化剂的研究进展;最后对HER电催化剂未来发展所面临的挑战和机遇进行了分析。H_(2) as a kind of clean energy is considered to be one of the most promising alternative energy sources to alleviate energy crisis and reduce environmental pollution.Using renewable energy to electrolyze water for H_(2) production is an important method for green hydrogen production.However,low current density and high energy consumption are the problems of industrial electrolysis of water for hydrogen production.Increasing the current density is the most direct way to increase the hydrogen production rate,but if the electrocatalyst is not optimized,increasing the current density will cause the increase of power consumption.Therefore,it is urgently needed to develop high-performance electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction(hereinafter referred to as“HER”)with low overpotential under high current density.Firstly,the mechanism of HER reaction in acidic and alkaline media was introduced,including Volmer-Heyrovsky and Volmer-Tafel,and the requirements of high performance electrocatalysts under high current density were put forward.Then,the research progress of precious metal and non-precious metal HER electrocatalysts in recent years from the aspects of single atom electrocatalysts,alloy electrocatalysts and heterostructure electrocatalysts were reviewed.Finally,the challenges and opportunities in the future for the development of HER electrocatalysts were discussed.

关 键 词：电催化剂 析氢反应 大电流密度 

分 类 号：TQ116.21[化学工程—无机化工] O646[理学—物理化学]