高效氨氮去除菌群构建及其在弱酸性条件下的应用  

Construction of an efficient ammonia nitrogen removal bacterial community and its application under weakly acidic conditions

作　　者：陈佳婧 范晓军 袁可 端允[1] 袁进 CHEN Jiajing;FAN Xiaojun;YUAN Ke;DUAN Yun;YUAN Jin(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Jinzhong 030600,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院,山西晋中030600

出　　处：《工业水处理》2024年第5期71-79,共9页Industrial Water Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52170045);山西省重点研发计划项目(202102130501008)。

摘　　要：生物脱氮技术在高氨氮废水处理过程中因废水的水质特异性问题存在启动时间长、脱氮效率低等瓶颈,而筛选的单一高效脱氮菌株在实际废水处理过程中也存在稳定性差的问题。在筛选出大量高效异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌株的基础上,通过部分因子实验确定了核心菌株139^(#)和142^(#),结合代谢关联与分层抽样方法优化菌株组合,人工构建高效脱氮菌群,在pH为5.5的条件下与污泥混合培养复筛得到了最佳菌群组合,最终采用反应器模拟弱酸性废水处理实验对构建菌群的脱氮能力进行了验证。结果表明:筛选出的高效菌群P44-P83-A88-P94-A142在初始NH_(4)^(+)-N质量浓度为200 mg/L,初始pH为5.5的条件下,48 h时对NH_(4)^(+)-N的去除率达到96.97%;利用反应器模拟实际废水环境,在pH为5.5的弱酸性条件下,加入该菌群使得体系对NH_(4)^(+)-N的去除率从44.89%提升到了75.17%,出水pH从6.9左右提高到了8.3左右。该研究可为人工构建菌群在弱酸性废水脱氮处理中的应用提供理论依据。Biological nitrogen removal technology has bottlenecks such as long start-up time and low efficiency in the process of high ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment due to the specificity of wastewater,while the screened single high-efficiency nitrogen removal strain suffers from poor stability in the actual wastewater treatment process.In this study,based on the screening of a large number of highly efficient heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification strains,the core strains 139^(#) and 142^(#) were identified through partial factorial experiments,and the strain combinations were optimized by combining metabolic correlation and stratified sampling methods to artificially construct an efficient nitrogen removal community.The optimum combination of strains was obtained by re-screening with sludge at pH 5.5,and the ability of the constructed community for nitrogen removal was verified by using a reactor to simulate weak acidic wastewater treatment.The results showed that the screened high-efficiency bacterial community P44-P83-A88-P94-A142 achieved 96.97% removal of NH_(4)^(+)-N at 48 h under the condition of ^(initial NH_(4)^(+)-N mass concentration of 200mg/L and initial pH of 5.5.Within the reactor to simulate the actual wastewater environment,the addition of the bacteria at a weakly acidic pH of 5.5 increased the removal rate of NH_(4)^(+)-N from 44.89% to 75.17% and the effluent pH from 6.9to 8.3.This study can provide a theoretical basis for the application of artificially constructed bacterial community in the treatment of weakly acidic wastewater for nitrogen removal.

关 键 词：生物脱氮 部分因子实验 高效脱氮菌群 弱酸性废水 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]